Year Item Type Full Text

Article

Assessing water-related risk factors for Buruli ulcer: a case-control study in Ghana. (2004) Aiga, Hirotsugu; Amano, Takayuki; Cairncross, Sandy; Adomako, Joseph; Nanas, Ofosu-Kwabi; Coleman, Susan

The epidemiology of hepatitis A in Rio de Janeiro: environmental and domestic risk factors. (2001) Almeida, LM; Werneck, GL; Cairncross, S; Coeli, CM; Costa, MC; Coletty, PE

A Farm to Fork Risk Assessment for the Use of Wastewater in Agriculture in Accra, Ghana. (2015) Antwi-Agyei, Prince; Cairncross, Sandy; Peasey, Anne; Price, Vivien; Bruce, Jane; Baker, Kelly; Moe, Christine; Ampofo, Joseph; Armah, George; Ensink, Jeroen

Impact on diarrhoea of a city-wide sanitation programme in Northeast Brazil. (2007) Barreto, ML; Genser, B; Strina, A; Teixeira, MG; Assis, AMO; Rego, RF; Teles, CA; Prado, MS; Matos, SMA; Santos, DN; dos Santos, LA; Cairncross, S

Effect of city-wide sanitation programme on reduction in rate of childhood diarrhoea in northeast Brazil: assessment by two cohort studies. (2007) Barreto, Mauricio L; Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; Teixeira, Maria Gloria; Assis, Ana Marlucia O; Rego, Rita F; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Matos, Sheila MA; Santos, Darci N; dos Santos, Lenaldo A; Cairncross, Sandy

Impact of a citywide sanitation program in Northeast Brazil on intestinal parasites infection in young children. (2011) Barreto, Mauricio L; Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; Teixeira, Maria Gloria; Assis, Ana Marlucia O; Rego, Rita F; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Matos, Sheila; Alcântara-Neves, Neuza M; Cairncross, Sandy

Hygiene, sanitation, and water: forgotten foundations of health. (2010) Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy

Water, sanitation, hygiene and enteric infections in children. (2013) Brown, Joe; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ

A controlled, before-and-after trial of an urban sanitation intervention to reduce enteric infections in children: research protocol for the Maputo Sanitation (MapSan) study, Mozambique. (2015) Brown, Joe; Cumming, Oliver; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen; Holcomb, David; Knee, Jackie; Kolsky, Peter; Liang, Kaida; Liang, Song; Nala, Rassul; Norman, Guy; Rheingans, Richard; Stewart, Jill; Zavale, Olimpio; Zuin, Valentina; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter

Sanitation in the developing world: current status and future solutions. (2003) Cairncross, S

Personal Notice. (2011) Cairncross, Sandy

Handwashing with soap - a new way to prevent ARIs? (2003) Cairncross, Sandy

Water supply and sanitation: some misconceptions. (2003) Cairncross, Sandy

Mother Nature's surprises. (2014) Cairncross, Sandy

The public health benefits of urban sanitation in low and middle income countries. (2018) Cairncross, Sandy

Hygiene, sanitation, and water: what needs to be done? (2010) Cairncross, Sandy; Bartram, Jamie; Cumming, Oliver; Brocklehurst, Clarissa

Water, sanitation and hygiene for the prevention of diarrhoea. (2010) Cairncross, Sandy; Hunt, Caroline; Boisson, Sophie; Bostoen, Kristof; Curtis, Val; Fung, Isaac CH; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter

Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) and the eradication initiative. (2002) Cairncross, Sandy; Muller, Ralph; Zagaria, Nevio

The risk of unimproved water and sanitation and the global burden of disease. (2013) Cairncross, Sandy; Petach, Helen

What causes sustainable changes in hygiene behaviour? A cross-sectional study from Kerala, India. (2005) Cairncross, Sandy; Shordt, Kathleen; Zacharia, Suma; Govindan, Beena Kumari

Why is dracunculiasis eradication taking so long? (2012) Cairncross, Sandy; Tayeh, Ahmed; Korkor, Andrew Seidu

The ICMJE authorship criteria: a response from the editors. (2013) Cairncross, Sandy; van Asten, Henri; Jaffar, Shabbar; Junghanss, Thomas; Meyer, Christian G; Van der Stuyft, Patrick

Interventions to improve excreta disposal for the prevention of diarrhoea. (Protocol for a Cochrane Review). (2008) Clasen, T; Bostoen, K; Schmidt, W; Boisson, S; Fung, I; Jenkins, M; Scott, B; Sugden, S; Cairncross, S

Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. (2006) Clasen, T; Roberts, I; Rabie, T; Schmidt, W; Cairncross, S

Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. (2015) Clasen, Thomas F; Alexander, Kelly T; Sinclair, David; Boisson, Sophie; Peletz, Rachel; Chang, Howard H; Majorin, Fiona; Cairncross, Sandy

Interventions to improve disposal of human excreta for preventing diarrhoea. (2010) Clasen, Thomas F; Bostoen, Kristof; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Boisson, Sophie; Fung, Isaac C-H; Jenkins, Marion W; Scott, Beth; Sugden, Steven; Cairncross, Sandy

Reducing diarrhea through the use of household-based ceramic water filters: a randomized, controlled trial in rural Bolivia. (2004) Clasen, Thomas F; Brown, Joseph; Collin, Simon; Suntura, Oscar; Cairncross, Sandy

Household water management: refining the dominant paradigm. (2004) Clasen, Thomas F; Cairncross, Sandy

Cost-effectiveness of water quality interventions for preventing diarrhoeal disease in developing countries. (2007) Clasen, Thomas; Haller, Laurence; Walker, Damian; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy

Estimating the impact of unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene on the global burden of disease: evolving and alternative methods. (2014) Clasen, Thomas; Pruss-Ustun, Annette; Mathers, Colin D; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; Colford, John M

Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea: systematic review and meta-analysis. (2007) Clasen, Thomas; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Rabie, Tamer; Roberts, Ian; Cairncross, Sandy

Can water, sanitation and hygiene help eliminate stunting? Current evidence and policy implications. (2015) Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy description

Water, sanitation, and hygiene at Kyoto. (2003) Curtis, Val; Cairncross, Sandy

Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhoea risk in the community: a systematic review. (2003) Curtis, Val; Cairncross, Sandy

Comparison of Face Washing and Face Wiping Methods for Trachoma Control: A Pilot Study. (2020) Czerniewska, Alexandra; Versteeg, Aalbertus; Shafi, Oumer; Dumessa, Gebeyehu; Aga, Muluadam Abraham; Last, Anna; MacLeod, David; Sarah, Virginia; Dodson, Sarity; Negussu, Nebiyu; Sori, Birhanu Kenate; Kirumba, Michael; Biran, Adam; Cairncross, Sandy; Burton, Matthew J; Greenland, Katie

Menstrual Hygiene Practices, WASH Access and the Risk of Urogenital Infection in Women from Odisha, India. (2015) Das, Padma; Baker, Kelly K; Dutta, Ambarish; Swain, Tapoja; Sahoo, Sunita; Das, Bhabani Sankar; Panda, Bijay; Nayak, Arati; Bara, Mary; Bilung, Bibiana; Mishra, Pravas Ranjan; Panigrahi, Pinaki; Cairncross, Sandy; Torondel, Belen

Motivations and challenges of community-based surveillance volunteers in the northern region of Ghana. (2012) Dil, Yasemin; Strachan, Daniel; Cairncross, Sandy; Korkor, Andrew Seidu; Hill, Zelee

Waste stabilization pond performance in Pakistan and its implications for wastewater use in agriculture. (2007) Ensink, JHJ; van der Hoek, W; Mara, DD; Cairncross, S

Assessment of a membrane drinking water filter in an emergency setting. (2015) Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Bastable, Andy; Cairncross, Sandy

Sewage disposal in the Musi-River, India: water quality remediation through irrigation infrastructure. (2010) Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Scott, Christopher A; Brooker, Simon; Cairncross, Sandy

Environmental risks in the developing world: exposure indicators for evaluating interventions, programmes, and policies. (2005) Ezzati, Majid; Utzinger, Jürg; Cairncross, Sandy; Cohen, Aaron J; Singer, Burton H

A hierarchical model for studying risk factors for childhood diarrhoea: a case-control study in a middle-income country. (2008) Ferrer, Suzana R; Strina, Agostino; Jesus, Sandra R; Ribeiro, Hugo C; Cairncross, Sandy; Rodrigues, Laura C; Barreto, Mauricio L

Reducing occurrence of Giardia duodenalis in children living in semiarid regions: impact of a large scale rainwater harvesting initiative. (2014) Fonseca, Jacqueline Evangelista; Carneiro, Mariângela; Pena, João Luiz; Colosimo, Enrico A; da Silva, Nívea Bispo; da Costa, André Gabriel FC; Moreira, Luciano E; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Léo

Integration of water, sanitation, and hygiene for the prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases: a rationale for inter-sectoral collaboration. (2013) Freeman, Matthew C; Ogden, Stephanie; Jacobson, Julie; Abbott, Daniel; Addiss, David G; Amnie, Asrat G; Beckwith, Colin; Cairncross, Sandy; Callejas, Rafael; Colford, Jack M; Emerson, Paul M; Fenwick, Alan; Fishman, Rebecca; Gallo, Kerry; Grimes, Jack; Karapetyan, Gagik; Keene, Brooks; Lammie, Patrick J; Macarthur, Chad; Lochery, Peter; Petach, Helen; Platt, Jennifer; Prabasi, Sarina; Rosenboom, Jan Willem; Roy, Sharon; Saywell, Darren; Schechtman, Lisa; Tantri, Anupama; Velleman, Yael; Utzinger, Jürg

How often do you wash your hands? A review of studies of hand-washing practices in the community during and after the SARS outbreak in 2003. (2007) Fung, Isaac C-H; Cairncross, Sandy

Ascariasis and handwashing. (2009) Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Cairncross, Sandy

Effectiveness of handwashing in preventing SARS: a review. (2006) Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Cairncross, Sandy

Trial of a Novel Intervention to Improve Multiple Food Hygiene Behaviors in Nepal. (2017) Gautam, Om Prasad; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; Cavill, Sue; Curtis, Valerie

Impact of a city-wide sanitation intervention in a large urban centre on social, environmental and behavioural determinants of childhood diarrhoea: analysis of two cohort studies. (2008) Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; dos Santos, Lenaldo A; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Cairncross, Sandy; Barreto, Mauricio L

The uneven progress of sanitation in India. (2014) Ghosh, Arabinda; Cairncross, Sandy

Can we afford to overlook hand hygiene again? (2013) Greenland, Katie; Cairncross, Sandy; Cumming, Oliver; Curtis, Valerie

Promoting health and advancing development through improved housing in low-income settings. (2013) Haines, Andy; Bruce, Nigel; Cairncross, Sandy; Davies, Michael; Greenland, Katie; Hiscox, Alexandra; Lindsay, Steve; Lindsay, Tom; Satterthwaite, David; Wilkinson, Paul

Needs assessment to strengthen capacity in water and sanitation research in Africa: experiences of the African SNOWS consortium. (2014) Hunter, Paul R; Abdelrahman, Samira H; Antwi-Agyei, Prince; Awuah, Esi; Cairncross, Sandy; Chappell, Eileen; Dalsgaard, Anders; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Potgieter, Natasha; Mokgobu, Ingrid; Muchiri, Edward W; Mulogo, Edgar; van der Es, Mike; Odai, Samuel N

Comment on "Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years". (2012) Hunter, Paul R; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy

Role of phytoplankton in maintaining endemicity and seasonality of cholera in Bangladesh. (2015) Islam, M Sirajul; Islam, M Shafiqul; Mahmud, Zahid H; Cairncross, Sandy; Clemens, John D; Collins, Andrew E

Safe distances between groundwater-based water wells and pit latrines at different hydrogeological conditions in the Ganges Atrai floodplains of Bangladesh. (2016) Islam, M Sirajul; Mahmud, Zahid Hayat; Islam, M Shafiqul; Saha, Ganesh Chandra; Zahid, Anwar; Ali, Ahm Zulfiquar; Hassan, M Qumrul; Islam, Khairul; Jahan, Hasin; Hossain, Yakub; Hasan, M Masud; Cairncross, Sandy; Carter, Richard; Luby, Stephen P; Cravioto, Alejandro; Endtz, Hubert Ph; Faruque, Shah M; Clemens, John D

Hygiene intervention reduces contamination of weaning food in Bangladesh. (2013) Islam, Mohammad Sirajul; Mahmud, Zahid Hayat; Gope, Partha Sarathi; Zaman, Rokon Uz; Hossain, Zakir; Islam, Mohammad Shafiqul; Mondal, Dinesh; Sharker, Mohammad Abu Yushuf; Islam, Khairul; Jahan, Hasin; Bhuiya, Abbas; Endtz, Hubert P; Cravioto, Alejandro; Curtis, Valerie; Touré, Ousmane; Cairncross, Sandy

Water supply interruptions and suspected cholera incidence: a time-series regression in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (2015) Jeandron, Aurélie; Saidi, Jaime Mufitini; Kapama, Alois; Burhole, Manu; Birembano, Freddy; Vandevelde, Thierry; Gasparrini, Antonio; Armstrong, Ben; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ

Beyond ‘improved’ towards ‘safe and sustainable’ urban sanitation: assessing the design, management and functionality of sanitation in poor communities of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. (2014) Jenkins, MW; Cumming, O; Scott, B; Cairncross, S

Modelling latrine diffusion in Benin: towards a community typology of demand for improved sanitation in developing countries. (2010) Jenkins, Marion W; Cairncross, Sandy

Pit latrine emptying behavior and demand for sanitation services in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. (2015) Jenkins, Marion W; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy

Is there an association between bacteriological drinking water quality and childhood diarrhoea in developing countries? (2004) Jensen, PK; Jayasinghe, G; van der Hoek, W; Cairncross, S; Dalsgaard, A

Effect of chlorination of drinking-water on water quality and childhood diarrhoea in a village in Pakistan. (2003) Jensen, Peter K; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Jayasinghe, Gayathri; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; Dalsgaard, Anders

Limitations of Irrigation Water Quality Guidelines from a Multiple Use Perspective. (2001) Jensen, Peter K; Matsuno, Yutaka; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy

Domestic transmission routes of pathogens: the problem of in-house contamination of drinking water during storage in developing countries. (2002) Jensen, Peter Kjaer; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Jayasinghe, Gayathri; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; Dalsgaard, Anders

The neglect of hygiene promotion in developing countries, as shown by the Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water survey. (2013) Jiménez, Alejandro; Cavill, Sue; Cairncross, Sandy

What role for local government in sanitation promotion? Lessons from Tanzania. (2014) Jiménez, Alejandro; Mtango, Fimbo F; Cairncross, Sandy

What Proportion Counts? Disaggregating Access to Safely Managed Sanitation in an Emerging Town in Tanzania. (2019) Komakech, Hans C; Moyo, Francis; Roda, Oscar Veses; Machunda, Revocatus L; Smith, Kyla M; Gautam, Om P; Cairncross, Sandy

Detecting extra-ocular Chlamydia trachomatis in a trachoma-endemic community in Ethiopia: Identifying potential routes of transmission. (2020) Last, Anna; Versteeg, Bart; Shafi Abdurahman, Oumer; Robinson, Ailie; Dumessa, Gebeyehu; Abraham Aga, Muluadam; Shumi Bejiga, Gemechu; Negussu, Nebiyu; Greenland, Katie; Czerniewska, Alexandra; Thomson, Nicholas; Cairncross, Sandy; Sarah, Virginia; Macleod, David; Solomon, Anthony W; Logan, James; Burton, Matthew J

What influences individuals to invest in improved sanitation services and hygiene behaviours in a small town? A formative research study in Babati, Tanzania. (2022) Malima, Gabriel; Mshida, Hoyce; Machunda, Revocatus; Moyo, Francis; Banzi, Joseph; Gautam, Om Prasad; Mbeguere, Mbaye; Smith, Kyla; Cairncross, Sandy; Njau, Karoli N

Effects on childhood infections of promoting safe and hygienic complementary-food handling practices through a community-based programme: A cluster randomised controlled trial in a rural area of The Gambia. (2021) Manaseki-Holland, Semira; Manjang, Buba; Hemming, Karla; Martin, James T; Bradley, Christopher; Jackson, Louise; Taal, Makie; Gautam, Om Prasad; Crowe, Francesca; Sanneh, Bakary; Ensink, Jeroen; Stokes, Tim; Cairncross, Sandy

Promoting hygienic weaning food handling practices through a community-based programme: intervention implementation and baseline characteristics for a cluster randomised controlled trial in rural Gambia. (2018) Manjang, Buba; Hemming, Karla; Bradley, Chris; Ensink, Jeroen; Martin, James T; Sowe, Jama; Jarju, Abdou; Cairncross, Sandy; Manaseki-Holland, Semira

Infant and Young Child Feces Management and Enabling Products for Their Hygienic Collection, Transport, and Disposal in Cambodia. (2015) Miller-Petrie, Molly K; Voigt, Lindsay; McLennan, Lyn; Cairncross, Sandy; Jenkins, Marion W

Is waste collection associated with hepatitis B infection? A meta-analysis. (2017) Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Cairncross, Sandy; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Heller, Leo

Urban Waste Collectors in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: Their Perceptions of Occupational Health Risk. (2018) Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Cairncross, Sandy; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Heller, Leo

Hepatitis B and C in household and health services solid waste workers. (2015) Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C among domestic and healthcare waste handlers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. (2016) Mol, Marcos Pg; Gonçalves, Jéssica P; Silva, Edvania A; Scarponi, Cristiane FdO; Greco, Dirceu B; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo

Assessment of work-related accidents associated with waste handling in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). (2018) Mol, Marcos Pg; Pereira, Amanda F; Greco, Dirceu B; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo

Impact of drainage and sewerage on diarrhoea in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. (2003) Moraes, LR; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy; Huttly, Sharon

Environmental interventions and the pattern of geohelminth infections in Salvador, Brazil. (2004) Moraes, LRS; Cairncross, S

Impact of drainage and sewerage on intestinal nematode infections in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. (2004) Moraes, LRS; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy

Monitoring the inputs required to extend and sustain hygiene promotion: findings from the GLAAS 2013/2014 survey. (2016) Moreland, Leslie D; Gore, Fiona M; Andre, Nathalie; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ

Revisiting the tsunami: health consequences of flooding. (2005) Morgan, Oliver; Ahern, Mike; Cairncross, Sandy

Developing a Contextually Appropriate Integrated Hygiene Intervention to Achieve Sustained Reductions in Diarrheal Diseases. (2019) Morse, Tracy; Chidziwisano, Kondwani; Tilley, Elizabeth; Malolo, Rossanie; Kumwenda, Save; Musaya, Janelisa; Cairncross, Sandy

Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Small Towns in Tanzania: The Case of Babati District, Manyara Region. (2020) Mshida, Hoyce; Malima, Gabriel; Machunda, Revocatus; Muzuka, Alfred NN; Banzi, Joseph; Gautam, Om Prasad; Mbeguere, Mbaye; Smith, Kyla; Cairncross, Sandy; Shana, Edward S; Herman, Amadeus; Njau, Karoli N

Community-based surveillance: a pilot study from rural Cambodia. (2005) Oum, Sophal; Chandramohan, Daniel; Cairncross, Sandy

Asymptomatic giardiasis and growth in young children; a longitudinal study in Salvador, Brazil. (2005) Prado, MS; Cairncross, S; Strina, A; Barreto, ML; Oliveira-Assis, AM; Rego, S

Risk factors for infection with Giardia duodenalis in pre-school children in the city of Salvador, Brazil. (2003) Prado, MS; Strina, A; Barreto, ML; Oliveira-Assis, Ana Marlúcia; Paz, Lívia Maria; Cairncross, S

Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low- and middle-income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries. (2014) Prüss-Ustün, Annette; Bartram, Jamie; Clasen, Thomas; Colford, John M; Cumming, Oliver; Curtis, Valerie; Bonjour, Sophie; Dangour, Alan D; De France, Jennifer; Fewtrell, Lorna; Freeman, Matthew C; Gordon, Bruce; Hunter, Paul R; Johnston, Richard B; Mathers, Colin; Mäusezahl, Daniel; Medlicott, Kate; Neira, Maria; Stocks, Meredith; Wolf, Jennyfer; Cairncross, Sandy

Programa Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental Relacionada à Qualidade da Agua para Consumo Humano (Vigiagua): lacunas entre a formulação do programa e sua implantação na instância municipal. (2012) Queiroz, ACL; Cardoso, LSM; Silva, SCF; Heller, L; Cairncross, S

O uso da pesquisa-ação para a avaliação e o aprimoramento de práticas integradas para a vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano: potencialidades e desafios. (2012) Queiroz, Ana Carolina Lanza; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães; Heller, Léo; Cairncross, Sandy

Integrating surveillance data on water-related diseases and drinking-water quality; action-research in a Brazilian municipality. (2015) Queiroz, Ana Carolina Lanza; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães; Heller, Léo; Cairncross, Sandy

An Assessment of the Microbiological Water Quality of Sand Dams in Southeastern Kenya. (2018) Quinn, Ruth; Avis, Orlando; Decker, Manon; Parker, Alison; Cairncross, Sandy

Relationship (or its lack) between population and a water and sanitation service: a study of users' perception in Vitória (ES) Brazil. (2010) Ramos da Silva, Sara; Heller, Léo; de Campos Valadares, Jorge; Cairncross, Sandy

The public health significance of latrines discharging to groundwater used for drinking. (2017) Ravenscroft, P; Mahmud, ZH; Islam, MS; Hossain, AKMZ; Zahid, A; Saha, GC; Zulfiquar Ali, AHM; Islam, K; Cairncross, S; Clemens, JD; Islam, MS

Demand for sanitation in Salvador, Brazil: a hybrid choice approach. (2011) Santos, Andreia C; Roberts, Jennifer A; Barreto, Mauricio L; Cairncross, Sandy

Epidemiological methods in diarrhoea studies--an update. (2011) Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Arnold, Benjamin F; Boisson, Sophie; Genser, Bernd; Luby, Stephen P; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Cairncross, Sandy

Weight-for-age z-score as a proxy marker for diarrhoea in epidemiological studies. (2009) Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Boisson, Sophie; Genser, Bernd; Barreto, Mauricio L; Baisley, Kathy; Filteau, Suzanne; Cairncross, Sandy

Response to Comment on “Household Water Treatment in Poor Populations: Is There Enough Evidence for Scaling up Now?”. (2009) Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy

Household water treatment in poor populations: is there enough evidence for scaling up now? (2009) Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy picture_as_pdf

Recent diarrhoeal illness and risk of lower respiratory infections in children under the age of 5 years. (2009) Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Genser, Bernd

Sampling strategies to measure the prevalence of common recurrent infections in longitudinal studies. (2010) Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Genser, Bernd; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Luby, Stephen P; Cairncross, Sandy; Chalabi, Zaid

Adherence to Point-of-Use Water Treatment over Short-Term Implementation: Parallel Crossover Trials of Flocculation-Disinfection Sachets in Pakistan and Zambia. (2018) Shaheed, A; Rathore, S; Bastable, A; Bruce, J; Cairncross, S; Brown, J

PROTOCOL: Water, sanitation and hygiene for reducing childhood mortality in low- and middle-income countries. (2021) Sharma Waddington, Hugh; Cairncross, Sandy

Impact on childhood mortality of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) to households: Systematic review and meta-analysis. (2023) Sharma Waddington, Hugh; Masset, Edoardo; Bick, Sarah; Cairncross, Sandy

Understanding Living Conditions and Deprivation in Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya. (2018) Simiyu, Sheillah; Cairncross, Sandy; Swilling, Mark

Decision-making on shared sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu, Kenya. (2017) Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Cairncross, Sandy

Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya. (2016) Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Cairncross, Sandy; Rheingans, Richard

Estimating the Cost and Payment for Sanitation in the Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya: A Cross Sectional Study. (2016) Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Rheingans, Richard; Cairncross, Sandy

Childhood diarrhea and observed hygiene behavior in Salvador, Brazil. (2003) Strina, A; Cairncross, S; Barreto, ML; Larrea, C; Prado, MS

Childhood diarrhoea symptoms, management and duration: observations from a longitudinal community study. (2005) Strina, Agostino; Cairncross, Sandy; Prado, Matildes S; Teles, Carlos AS; Barreto, Mauricio L

Factors associated with rotavirus diarrhoea in children living in a socially diverse urban centre in Brazil. (2012) Strina, Agostino; Rodrigues, Laura C; Cairncross, Sandy; Ferrer, Suzana R; Fialho, Alexandre Madi; Leite, Jose Paulo G; Ribeiro, Hugo C; Barreto, Mauricio L

Response to Wang and Hunter: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between self-reported diarrheal disease and distance from home to water source. (2011) Subaiya, Saleena; Cairncross, Sandy

Guinea worm: from Robert Leiper to eradication. (2017) Tayeh, A; Cairncross, S; Cox, FEG

Certification of disease eradication: lessons from dracunculiasis. (2009) Tayeh, Ahmed; Cairncross, Sandy

Editorial: Dracunculiasis eradication by 2009: will endemic countries meet the target? (2007) Tayeh, Ahmed; Cairncross, Sandy

The Impact of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Interventions to Control Cholera: A Systematic Review. (2015) Taylor, Dawn L; Kahawita, Tanya M; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ

Exposure to the risk of dengue virus infection in an urban setting: Ecological versus individual heterogeneity. (2007) Teixeira, MG; Barreto, ML; Costa, MDCN; Ferreira, LDA; Morato, V; Vasconcelos, PF; Cairncross, S

Dynamics of dengue virus circulation: a silent epidemic in a complex urban area. (2002) Teixeira, Maria da Glória; Barreto, Maurício L; Costa, Maria da Conceição N; Ferreira, Leila Denize A; Vasconcelos, Pedro FC; Cairncross, Sandy

Drawers of water: Assessing domestic water use in Africa. (2002) Thompson, J; Cairncross, S

Experiences of capacity strengthening in sanitation and hygiene research in Africa and Asia: the SHARE Research Consortium. (2019) Torondel, Belen; Balls, Emily; Chisenga, Caroline Cleopatra; Kumwenda, Save; Okello, Elialilia; Simiyu, Sheillah; Morse, Tracy; Smith, Kyla; Mumma, Jane; Banzi, Joseph; Harvey, Erik; Chidziwisano, Kondwani; Chipungu, Jenala; Grosskurth, Heiner; Beda, Amani; Kapiga, Saidi; EstevesMills, Joanna; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; Chilengi, Roma

Efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf powder as a hand-washing product: a crossover controlled study among healthy volunteers. (2014) Torondel, Belen; Opare, David; Brandberg, Bjorn; Cobb, Emma; Cairncross, Sandy

Improving microbiological food Safety in peri-urban Mali; an experimental study. (2011) Touré, Ousmane; Coulibaly, Salimata; Arby, Aminata; Maiga, Farmata; Cairncross, Sandy

Piloting an intervention to improve microbiological food safety in Peri-Urban Mali. (2013) Touré, Ousmane; Coulibaly, Salimata; Arby, Aminata; Maiga, Farmata; Cairncross, Sandy

Assessing the health benefits of development interventions. (2021) Tusting, Lucy S; Cairncross, Sandy; Ludolph, Ramona; Velayudhan, Raman; Wilson, Anne L; Lindsay, Steven W

From joint thinking to joint action: a call to action on improving water, sanitation, and hygiene for maternal and newborn health. (2014) Velleman, Yael; Mason, Elizabeth; Graham, Wendy; Benova, Lenka; Chopra, Mickey; Campbell, Oona MR; Gordon, Bruce; Wijesekera, Sanjay; Hounton, Sennen; Esteves Mills, Joanna; Curtis, Val; Afsana, Kaosar; Boisson, Sophie; Magoma, Moke; Cairncross, Sandy; Cumming, Oliver

Creating demand for sanitation and hygiene through Community Health Clubs: a cost-effective intervention in two districts in Zimbabwe. (2005) Waterkeyn, Juliet; Cairncross, Sandy

The value of monitoring data in a process evaluation of hygiene behaviour change in Community Health Clubs to explain findings from a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Rwanda. (2020) Waterkeyn, Juliet; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Uwingabire, Fausca; Pantoglou, Julia; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Mbirira, Marcie; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Cairncross, Sandy; Carter, Richard

Should the GBD risk factor rankings be used to guide policy? (2013) Watts, Charlotte; Cairncross, Sandy

Assessing the impact of drinking water and sanitation on diarrhoeal disease in low- and middle-income settings: systematic review and meta-regression. (2014) Wolf, Jennyfer; Prüss-Ustün, Annette; Cumming, Oliver; Bartram, Jamie; Bonjour, Sophie; Cairncross, Sandy; Clasen, Thomas; Colford, John M; Curtis, Valerie; De France, Jennifer; Fewtrell, Lorna; Freeman, Matthew C; Gordon, Bruce; Hunter, Paul R; Jeandron, Aurelie; Johnston, Richard B; Mäusezahl, Daniel; Mathers, Colin; Neira, Maria; Higgins, Julian PT

The intensity of transmission of hepatitis A and heterogeneities in socio-environmental risk factors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (2002) de Almeida, LM; Amaku, M; Azevedo, RS; Cairncross, S; Massad, E

The intensity of transmission of hepatitis A and heterogeneities in socio-environmental risk factors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (2002) de Almeida, Liz Maria; Amaku, Marcos; Azevedo, Raymundo Soares; Cairncross, Sandy; Massad, Eduardo

Book Section

Comparative Assessment of Hygiene Behaviour Change and Cost-Effectiveness of Community Health Clubs in Rwanda and Zimbabwe. (2019) Anne Virginia Waterkeyn, Juliet; Matimati, Regis; Muringaniza, Andrew; Chigono, Agrippa; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Pantoglou, Julia; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Cairncross, Sandy

Guinea worm. (2013) Cairncross, S

Health impacts of sanitation and hygiene. (2014) Cairncross, S; Cumming, O; Schechtman, L; Velleman, Y; Waddington, H

Dracunculiasis. (2004) Cairncross, S; Muller, R

Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion (Chapter 41). (2006) Cairncross, S; Valdmanis, V

Interventions promoting uptake of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) technologies in low- and middle-income countries: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies. (2021) Chirgwin, Hannah; Cairncross, Sandy; Zehra, Dua; Sharma Waddington, Hugh

Abastecimiento de agua, saneamiento, hygiene y salud pública. (2013) Ensink, JHJ; Cairncross, S

Chapter 36: Poverty. (2015) Heller, L; Cairncross, S

Comparative Assessment of Hygiene Behaviour Change and Cost-effectiveness of Community Health Clubs in Rwanda and Zimbabwe. (2019) Waterkeyn, Juliet; Matimati, Regis; Muringaniza, Andrew; Chigono, Agrippa; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Pantoglou, Julia; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Cairncross, Cairncross; Cairncross, Alexander

Monograph

Evaluation of the dracunculiasis surveillance system in 4 districts in Ghana. (2005) Cairncross, S

The Case for Marketing Sanitation. Water & Sanitation Program Field Note. (2004) Cairncross, S

Health, Environment and the Burden of Disease; a Guidance Note. (2003) Cairncross, S; O'Neill, D; McCoy, A; Sethi, D

Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion. Disease Control Priorities Project, Working Paper no. 28. (2004) Cairncross, S; Valdmanis, V

Conference or Workshop Item

Health and sustainable development. (2001) Bradley, D; Cairncross, S; Haines, A; Stephens, C

HETEROGENEITY OF RISK FACTORS OF DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION IN AN URBAN SETTING. (2011) Teixeira, MG; Barreto, ML; Costa, M; Ferreira, LDA; Morato, V; Vasconcelos, PF; Cairncross, S

Book

Sustainability of Hygiene Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Change Interventions. 1 - Lessons learned on research methodologies and research implementation from a multi-country research study. (2004) Bolt, E; Cairncross, S

Sustainability of Hygiene Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Change Interventions. 2 – Findings of a multi-country research study and implications for water and sanitation programmes. (2004) Shordt, K; Cairncross, S

Thesis

Measuring Access and Practice: Designing a Survey Methodology for the Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Sector. (2007) Bostoen, Kristof

The effect of water, sanitation and hygiene conditions on enteric pathogen exposure and related health outcomes in vulnerable children – evidence from two trials. (2025) Cumming, O

Use of biomass briquettes: its effect on household air pollution and on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Gambian women and young children. A randomized controlled trial. (2018) Litchfield, T

Health impact of drainage and sewerage in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. (1996) Moraes, LRS picture_as_pdf

Human exposure to Ascaris infection through wastewater reuse in irrigation and its public health significance. (2000) Peasey, AE

A field performance and adherence study of point-of-use water treatment in Zambia and Pakistan. (2016) Shaheed, A

Implementation of the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) method to improve microbiological food safety in peri-urban Mali. (2009) Toure, Ousmane

Broadening horizons in impact evaluation for water, sanitation and hygiene planning: recycling and reinterpreting evidence. (2021) Waddington, HJ

Cost-effective health promotion and hygiene behaviour change through community health clubs in Zimbabwe. (2006) Waterkeyn, Juliet Anne Virginia

Podcast

Hygiene, Sanitation, Water Supply: Forgotten Foundations of Health - 15 November 2010. (2010) UNSPECIFIED audio_file

Millennium Goals: Mired In Excrement? - 18 September 2010. (2010) UNSPECIFIED audio_file

Bayard Roberts, Sian Clarke, Sandy Cairncross, Claire Bertschinger and more - 11 August 2008. (2008) UNSPECIFIED audio_file

Sandy Cairncross, Maggie Black and Girish Menon - 28 Mar 2008. (2008) UNSPECIFIED audio_file