Sharma Waddington, Hugh; Masset, Edoardo; Bick, Sarah; Cairncross, Sandy; (2023) Impact on childhood mortality of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) to households: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS medicine, 20 (4). e1004215-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004215

Malima, Gabriel; Mshida, Hoyce; Machunda, Revocatus; Moyo, Francis; Banzi, Joseph; Gautam, Om Prasad; Mbeguere, Mbaye; Smith, Kyla; Cairncross, Sandy; Njau, Karoli N; (2022) What influences individuals to invest in improved sanitation services and hygiene behaviours in a small town? A formative research study in Babati, Tanzania. PLoS One, 17 (7). e0270688-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270688

Chirgwin, Hannah; Cairncross, Sandy; Zehra, Dua; Sharma Waddington, Hugh; (2021) Interventions promoting uptake of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) technologies in low- and middle-income countries: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies. In: UNSPECIFIED, (ed.) UNSPECIFIED Wiley Open Access, e1194-. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1194

Manaseki-Holland, Semira; Manjang, Buba; Hemming, Karla; Martin, James T; Bradley, Christopher; Jackson, Louise; Taal, Makie; Gautam, Om Prasad; Crowe, Francesca; Sanneh, Bakary; +3 more... Ensink, Jeroen; Stokes, Tim; Cairncross, Sandy; (2021) Effects on childhood infections of promoting safe and hygienic complementary-food handling practices through a community-based programme: A cluster randomised controlled trial in a rural area of The Gambia. PLoS medicine, 18 (1). e1003260-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003260

Sharma Waddington, Hugh; Cairncross, Sandy; (2021) PROTOCOL: Water, sanitation and hygiene for reducing childhood mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 17 (1). e1135-. ISSN 1891-1803 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1135

Tusting, Lucy S; Cairncross, Sandy; Ludolph, Ramona; Velayudhan, Raman; Wilson, Anne L; Lindsay, Steven W; (2021) Assessing the health benefits of development interventions. BMJ Global Health, 6 (2). e005169-e005169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005169

Waddington, HJ; (2021) Broadening horizons in impact evaluation for water, sanitation and hygiene planning: recycling and reinterpreting evidence. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.04663958

Czerniewska, Alexandra; Versteeg, Aalbertus; Shafi, Oumer; Dumessa, Gebeyehu; Aga, Muluadam Abraham; Last, Anna; MacLeod, David; Sarah, Virginia; Dodson, Sarity; Negussu, Nebiyu; +6 more... Sori, Birhanu Kenate; Kirumba, Michael; Biran, Adam; Cairncross, Sandy; Burton, Matthew J; Greenland, Katie; (2020) Comparison of Face Washing and Face Wiping Methods for Trachoma Control: A Pilot Study. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 102 (4). pp. 740-743. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0726

Last, Anna; Versteeg, Bart; Shafi Abdurahman, Oumer; Robinson, Ailie; Dumessa, Gebeyehu; Abraham Aga, Muluadam; Shumi Bejiga, Gemechu; Negussu, Nebiyu; Greenland, Katie; Czerniewska, Alexandra; +7 more... Thomson, Nicholas; Cairncross, Sandy; Sarah, Virginia; Macleod, David; Solomon, Anthony W; Logan, James; Burton, Matthew J; (2020) Detecting extra-ocular Chlamydia trachomatis in a trachoma-endemic community in Ethiopia: Identifying potential routes of transmission. PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, 14 (3). e0008120-. ISSN 1935-2735 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008120

Mshida, Hoyce; Malima, Gabriel; Machunda, Revocatus; Muzuka, Alfred NN; Banzi, Joseph; Gautam, Om Prasad; Mbeguere, Mbaye; Smith, Kyla; Cairncross, Sandy; Shana, Edward S; +2 more... Herman, Amadeus; Njau, Karoli N; (2020) Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Small Towns in Tanzania: The Case of Babati District, Manyara Region. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 103 (4). pp. 1726-1734. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0551

Waterkeyn, Juliet; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Uwingabire, Fausca; Pantoglou, Julia; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Mbirira, Marcie; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Cairncross, Sandy; Carter, Richard; (2020) The value of monitoring data in a process evaluation of hygiene behaviour change in Community Health Clubs to explain findings from a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Rwanda. BMC Public Health, 20 (1). 98-. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7991-7

Anne Virginia Waterkeyn, Juliet; Matimati, Regis; Muringaniza, Andrew; Chigono, Agrippa; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Pantoglou, Julia; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Cairncross, Sandy; (2019) Comparative Assessment of Hygiene Behaviour Change and Cost-Effectiveness of Community Health Clubs in Rwanda and Zimbabwe. In: UNSPECIFIED, (ed.) Healthcare Access - Regional Overviews. IntechOpen. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89995

Komakech, Hans C; Moyo, Francis; Roda, Oscar Veses; Machunda, Revocatus L; Smith, Kyla M; Gautam, Om P; Cairncross, Sandy; (2019) What Proportion Counts? Disaggregating Access to Safely Managed Sanitation in an Emerging Town in Tanzania. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16 (18). p. 3328. ISSN 1661-7827 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183328

Morse, Tracy; Chidziwisano, Kondwani; Tilley, Elizabeth; Malolo, Rossanie; Kumwenda, Save; Musaya, Janelisa; Cairncross, Sandy; (2019) Developing a Contextually Appropriate Integrated Hygiene Intervention to Achieve Sustained Reductions in Diarrheal Diseases. Sustainability, 11 (17). p. 4656. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174656

Torondel, Belen; Balls, Emily; Chisenga, Caroline Cleopatra; Kumwenda, Save; Okello, Elialilia; Simiyu, Sheillah; Morse, Tracy; Smith, Kyla; Mumma, Jane; Banzi, Joseph; +10 more... Harvey, Erik; Chidziwisano, Kondwani; Chipungu, Jenala; Grosskurth, Heiner; Beda, Amani; Kapiga, Saidi; EstevesMills, Joanna; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; Chilengi, Roma; (2019) Experiences of capacity strengthening in sanitation and hygiene research in Africa and Asia: the SHARE Research Consortium. Health Research Policy and Systems, 17 (1). 77-. ISSN 1478-4505 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-019-0478-2

Waterkeyn, Juliet; Matimati, Regis; Muringaniza, Andrew; Chigono, Agrippa; Ntakarutimana, Amans; Katabarwa, Joseph; Bigirimana, Zachary; Pantoglou, Julia; Waterkeyn, Anthony; Cairncross, Cairncross; +1 more... Cairncross, Alexander; (2019) Comparative Assessment of Hygiene Behaviour Change and Cost-effectiveness of Community Health Clubs in Rwanda and Zimbabwe. In: Rozman, Urška, (ed.) Hygiene for Human Health and Infection Control. IntechOpen. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4654616

Cairncross, Sandy; (2018) The public health benefits of urban sanitation in low and middle income countries. Utilities Policy, 51. pp. 82-88. ISSN 0957-1787 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2018.03.001

Litchfield, T; (2018) Use of biomass briquettes: its effect on household air pollution and on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in Gambian women and young children. A randomized controlled trial. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.04647890

Manjang, Buba; Hemming, Karla; Bradley, Chris; Ensink, Jeroen; Martin, James T; Sowe, Jama; Jarju, Abdou; Cairncross, Sandy; Manaseki-Holland, Semira; (2018) Promoting hygienic weaning food handling practices through a community-based programme: intervention implementation and baseline characteristics for a cluster randomised controlled trial in rural Gambia. BMJ open, 8 (8). e017573-. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017573

Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Cairncross, Sandy; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Heller, Leo; (2018) Urban Waste Collectors in Belo Horizonte, Brazil: Their Perceptions of Occupational Health Risk. Qualitative health research, 29 (3). pp. 371-381. ISSN 1049-7323 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318797934

Quinn, Ruth; Avis, Orlando; Decker, Manon; Parker, Alison; Cairncross, Sandy; (2018) An Assessment of the Microbiological Water Quality of Sand Dams in Southeastern Kenya. Water, 10 (6). p. 708. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w10060708

Shaheed, A; Rathore, S; Bastable, A; Bruce, J; Cairncross, S; Brown, J; (2018) Adherence to Point-of-Use Water Treatment over Short-Term Implementation: Parallel Crossover Trials of Flocculation-Disinfection Sachets in Pakistan and Zambia. Environmental science & technology, 52 (11). pp. 6601-6609. ISSN 0013-936X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00167

Simiyu, Sheillah; Cairncross, Sandy; Swilling, Mark; (2018) Understanding Living Conditions and Deprivation in Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya. Urban Forum, 30 (2). pp. 223-241. ISSN 1015-3802 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12132-018-9346-3

Gautam, Om Prasad; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; Cavill, Sue; Curtis, Valerie; (2017) Trial of a Novel Intervention to Improve Multiple Food Hygiene Behaviors in Nepal. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 96 (6). pp. 1415-1426. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0526

Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Cairncross, Sandy; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Heller, Leo; (2017) Is waste collection associated with hepatitis B infection? A meta-analysis. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 50 (6). pp. 756-763. ISSN 0037-8682 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0010-2017

Mol, Marcos Pg; Pereira, Amanda F; Greco, Dirceu B; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo; (2017) Assessment of work-related accidents associated with waste handling in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). Waste Manag Res, 35 (10). pp. 1084-1092. ISSN 1096-3669 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X17722209

Ravenscroft, P; Mahmud, ZH; Islam, MS; Hossain, AKMZ; Zahid, A; Saha, GC; Zulfiquar Ali, AHM; Islam, K; Cairncross, S; Clemens, JD; +1 more... Islam, MS; (2017) The public health significance of latrines discharging to groundwater used for drinking. Water research, 124. pp. 192-201. ISSN 0043-1354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.049

Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Cairncross, Sandy; (2017) Decision-making on shared sanitation in the informal settlements of Kisumu, Kenya. International journal of environmental health research, 27 (5). pp. 377-393. ISSN 0960-3123 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2017.1350261

Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Cairncross, Sandy; Rheingans, Richard; (2017) Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya. BMC public health, 17 (1). 68-. ISSN 1471-2458 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-4009-6

Simiyu, Sheillah; Swilling, Mark; Rheingans, Richard; Cairncross, Sandy; (2017) Estimating the Cost and Payment for Sanitation in the Informal Settlements of Kisumu, Kenya: A Cross Sectional Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14 (1). p. 49. ISSN 1661-7827 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14010049

Tayeh, A; Cairncross, S; Cox, FEG; (2017) Guinea worm: from Robert Leiper to eradication. Parasitology. pp. 1-6. ISSN 0031-1820 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182017000683

Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; (2016) Can water, sanitation and hygiene help eliminate stunting? Current evidence and policy implications. Maternal & child nutrition, 12 Sup (Suppl ). pp. 91-105. ISSN 1740-8695 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12258

Islam, M Sirajul; Mahmud, Zahid Hayat; Islam, M Shafiqul; Saha, Ganesh Chandra; Zahid, Anwar; Ali, Ahm Zulfiquar; Hassan, M Qumrul; Islam, Khairul; Jahan, Hasin; Hossain, Yakub; +8 more... Hasan, M Masud; Cairncross, Sandy; Carter, Richard; Luby, Stephen P; Cravioto, Alejandro; Endtz, Hubert Ph; Faruque, Shah M; Clemens, John D; (2016) Safe distances between groundwater-based water wells and pit latrines at different hydrogeological conditions in the Ganges Atrai floodplains of Bangladesh. Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 35 (1). 26-. ISSN 1606-0997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-016-0063-z

Mol, Marcos Pg; Gonçalves, Jéssica P; Silva, Edvania A; Scarponi, Cristiane FdO; Greco, Dirceu B; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo; (2016) Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C among domestic and healthcare waste handlers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Waste Manag Res, 34 (9). pp. 875-883. ISSN 1096-3669 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X16649686

Moreland, Leslie D; Gore, Fiona M; Andre, Nathalie; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; (2016) Monitoring the inputs required to extend and sustain hygiene promotion: findings from the GLAAS 2013/2014 survey. Tropical medicine & international health, 21 (8). pp. 1029-1039. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12723

Shaheed, A; (2016) A field performance and adherence study of point-of-use water treatment in Zambia and Pakistan. PhD (research paper style) thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.04539375

Antwi-Agyei, Prince; Cairncross, Sandy; Peasey, Anne; Price, Vivien; Bruce, Jane; Baker, Kelly; Moe, Christine; Ampofo, Joseph; Armah, George; Ensink, Jeroen; (2015) A Farm to Fork Risk Assessment for the Use of Wastewater in Agriculture in Accra, Ghana. PloS one, 10 (11). e0142346-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142346

Brown, Joe; Cumming, Oliver; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen; Holcomb, David; Knee, Jackie; Kolsky, Peter; Liang, Kaida; Liang, Song; +7 more... Nala, Rassul; Norman, Guy; Rheingans, Richard; Stewart, Jill; Zavale, Olimpio; Zuin, Valentina; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; (2015) A controlled, before-and-after trial of an urban sanitation intervention to reduce enteric infections in children: research protocol for the Maputo Sanitation (MapSan) study, Mozambique. BMJ open, 5 (6). e008215-. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008215

Clasen, Thomas F; Alexander, Kelly T; Sinclair, David; Boisson, Sophie; Peletz, Rachel; Chang, Howard H; Majorin, Fiona; Cairncross, Sandy; (2015) Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015 (10). CD004794-. ISSN 1469-493X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004794.pub3

Das, Padma; Baker, Kelly K; Dutta, Ambarish; Swain, Tapoja; Sahoo, Sunita; Das, Bhabani Sankar; Panda, Bijay; Nayak, Arati; Bara, Mary; Bilung, Bibiana; +4 more... Mishra, Pravas Ranjan; Panigrahi, Pinaki; Cairncross, Sandy; Torondel, Belen; (2015) Menstrual Hygiene Practices, WASH Access and the Risk of Urogenital Infection in Women from Odisha, India. PloS one, 10 (6). e0130777-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130777

Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Bastable, Andy; Cairncross, Sandy; (2015) Assessment of a membrane drinking water filter in an emergency setting. Journal of water and health, 13 (2). pp. 362-370. ISSN 1477-8920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.025 Full text not available from this repository.

Heller, L; Cairncross, S; (2015) Chapter 36: Poverty. In: Bartram, J, (ed.) Routledge Handbook of Water and Health. Taylor & Francis, London & New York, 376 – 386. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4647899

Islam, M Sirajul; Islam, M Shafiqul; Mahmud, Zahid H; Cairncross, Sandy; Clemens, John D; Collins, Andrew E; (2015) Role of phytoplankton in maintaining endemicity and seasonality of cholera in Bangladesh. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 109 (9). pp. 572-578. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trv057 Full text not available from this repository.

Jeandron, Aurélie; Saidi, Jaime Mufitini; Kapama, Alois; Burhole, Manu; Birembano, Freddy; Vandevelde, Thierry; Gasparrini, Antonio; Armstrong, Ben; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; (2015) Water supply interruptions and suspected cholera incidence: a time-series regression in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. PLoS medicine, 12 (10). e1001893-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001893

Jenkins, Marion W; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; (2015) Pit latrine emptying behavior and demand for sanitation services in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12 (3). pp. 2588-2611. ISSN 1661-7827 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120302588

Miller-Petrie, Molly K; Voigt, Lindsay; McLennan, Lyn; Cairncross, Sandy; Jenkins, Marion W; (2015) Infant and Young Child Feces Management and Enabling Products for Their Hygienic Collection, Transport, and Disposal in Cambodia. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 94 (2). pp. 456-465. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0423

Mol, Marcos Paulo Gomes; Greco, Dirceu Bartolomeu; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Leo; (2015) Hepatitis B and C in household and health services solid waste workers. Cadernos de saude publica, 31 Sup (suppl ). pp. 295-300. ISSN 0102-311X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00083814

Queiroz, Ana Carolina Lanza; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães; Heller, Léo; Cairncross, Sandy; (2015) Integrating surveillance data on water-related diseases and drinking-water quality; action-research in a Brazilian municipality. Journal of water and health, 13 (4). pp. 1048-1054. ISSN 1477-8920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2015.078 Full text not available from this repository.

Taylor, Dawn L; Kahawita, Tanya M; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; (2015) The Impact of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Interventions to Control Cholera: A Systematic Review. PloS one, 10 (8). e0135676-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135676

Cairncross, S; Cumming, O; Schechtman, L; Velleman, Y; Waddington, H; (2014) Health impacts of sanitation and hygiene. In: Cross, Piers; Coombes, Yolande, (eds.) Sanitation and hygiene in Africa : where do we stand? : analysis from the AfricaSan Conference, Kigali, Rwanda. IWA Publishing, London. ISBN 9781780405414 (paperback) 9781780405421 (ebook) https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4647453 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, Sandy; (2014) Mother Nature's surprises. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 90 (1). pp. 3-4. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0662

Clasen, Thomas; Pruss-Ustun, Annette; Mathers, Colin D; Cumming, Oliver; Cairncross, Sandy; Colford, John M; (2014) Estimating the impact of unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene on the global burden of disease: evolving and alternative methods. Tropical medicine & international health, 19 (8). pp. 884-893. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12330

Fonseca, Jacqueline Evangelista; Carneiro, Mariângela; Pena, João Luiz; Colosimo, Enrico A; da Silva, Nívea Bispo; da Costa, André Gabriel FC; Moreira, Luciano E; Cairncross, Sandy; Heller, Léo; (2014) Reducing occurrence of Giardia duodenalis in children living in semiarid regions: impact of a large scale rainwater harvesting initiative. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 8 (6). e2943-. ISSN 1935-2727 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002943

Ghosh, Arabinda; Cairncross, Sandy; (2014) The uneven progress of sanitation in India. Journal of water, sanitation, and hygiene for development, 4 (1). pp. 15-22. ISSN 2043-9083 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.185 Full text not available from this repository.

Heller, Leo; Rezende, Sonaly Cristina; Cairncross, Sandy; (2014) Water and sanitation in Brazil: the public–private pendulum. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer, 167 (3). pp. 137-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/muen.13.00019 Item availability may be restricted.

Hunter, Paul R; Abdelrahman, Samira H; Antwi-Agyei, Prince; Awuah, Esi; Cairncross, Sandy; Chappell, Eileen; Dalsgaard, Anders; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Potgieter, Natasha; Mokgobu, Ingrid; +4 more... Muchiri, Edward W; Mulogo, Edgar; van der Es, Mike; Odai, Samuel N; (2014) Needs assessment to strengthen capacity in water and sanitation research in Africa: experiences of the African SNOWS consortium. Health research policy and systems, 12 (1). 68-. ISSN 1478-4505 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4505-12-68

Jenkins, MW; Cumming, O; Scott, B; Cairncross, S; (2014) Beyond ‘improved’ towards ‘safe and sustainable’ urban sanitation: assessing the design, management and functionality of sanitation in poor communities of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Journal of water, sanitation, and hygiene for development, 4 (1). pp. 131-141. ISSN 2043-9083 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.180 Full text not available from this repository.

Jiménez, Alejandro; Mtango, Fimbo F; Cairncross, Sandy; (2014) What role for local government in sanitation promotion? Lessons from Tanzania. Water Policy, 16 (6). pp. 1104-1120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2014.203

Prüss-Ustün, Annette; Bartram, Jamie; Clasen, Thomas; Colford, John M; Cumming, Oliver; Curtis, Valerie; Bonjour, Sophie; Dangour, Alan D; De France, Jennifer; Fewtrell, Lorna; +11 more... Freeman, Matthew C; Gordon, Bruce; Hunter, Paul R; Johnston, Richard B; Mathers, Colin; Mäusezahl, Daniel; Medlicott, Kate; Neira, Maria; Stocks, Meredith; Wolf, Jennyfer; Cairncross, Sandy; (2014) Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low- and middle-income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries. Tropical medicine & international health, 19 (8). pp. 894-905. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12329

Torondel, Belen; Opare, David; Brandberg, Bjorn; Cobb, Emma; Cairncross, Sandy; (2014) Efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf powder as a hand-washing product: a crossover controlled study among healthy volunteers. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 14 (1). 57-. ISSN 1472-6882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-57

Velleman, Yael; Mason, Elizabeth; Graham, Wendy; Benova, Lenka; Chopra, Mickey; Campbell, Oona MR; Gordon, Bruce; Wijesekera, Sanjay; Hounton, Sennen; Esteves Mills, Joanna; +6 more... Curtis, Val; Afsana, Kaosar; Boisson, Sophie; Magoma, Moke; Cairncross, Sandy; Cumming, Oliver; (2014) From joint thinking to joint action: a call to action on improving water, sanitation, and hygiene for maternal and newborn health. PLoS medicine, 11 (12). e1001771-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001771

Wolf, Jennyfer; Prüss-Ustün, Annette; Cumming, Oliver; Bartram, Jamie; Bonjour, Sophie; Cairncross, Sandy; Clasen, Thomas; Colford, John M; Curtis, Valerie; De France, Jennifer; +10 more... Fewtrell, Lorna; Freeman, Matthew C; Gordon, Bruce; Hunter, Paul R; Jeandron, Aurelie; Johnston, Richard B; Mäusezahl, Daniel; Mathers, Colin; Neira, Maria; Higgins, Julian PT; (2014) Assessing the impact of drinking water and sanitation on diarrhoeal disease in low- and middle-income settings: systematic review and meta-regression. Tropical medicine & international health, 19 (8). pp. 928-942. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12331 Full text not available from this repository.

Brown, Joe; Cairncross, Sandy; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; (2013) Water, sanitation, hygiene and enteric infections in children. Archives of disease in childhood, 98 (8). pp. 629-634. ISSN 0003-9888 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2011-301528

Cairncross, S; (2013) Guinea worm. In: Mabey, D; Gill, G; Parry, E; Weber, M; Whitty, C, (eds.) Principles of Medicine in Africa. Cambridge University Press, pp. 476-478. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/1898184 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, Sandy; Petach, Helen; (2013) The risk of unimproved water and sanitation and the global burden of disease. Journal of Water, Sanitation & Hygiene for Development, 3 (4). pp. 479-480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.054 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, Sandy; van Asten, Henri; Jaffar, Shabbar; Junghanss, Thomas; Meyer, Christian G; Van der Stuyft, Patrick; (2013) The ICMJE authorship criteria: a response from the editors. Tropical medicine & international health, 18 (10). pp. 1162-1163. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12174 Full text not available from this repository.

Ensink, JHJ; Cairncross, S; (2013) Abastecimiento de agua, saneamiento, hygiene y salud pública. In: Heller, L, (ed.) Agua y saneamiento; en la búsqueda de nuevos paaradigmas para las Américas. PanAmerican Health Organization, Washington DC, pp. 1-24. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/1894810 Full text not available from this repository.

Freeman, Matthew C; Ogden, Stephanie; Jacobson, Julie; Abbott, Daniel; Addiss, David G; Amnie, Asrat G; Beckwith, Colin; Cairncross, Sandy; Callejas, Rafael; Colford, Jack M; +20 more... Emerson, Paul M; Fenwick, Alan; Fishman, Rebecca; Gallo, Kerry; Grimes, Jack; Karapetyan, Gagik; Keene, Brooks; Lammie, Patrick J; Macarthur, Chad; Lochery, Peter; Petach, Helen; Platt, Jennifer; Prabasi, Sarina; Rosenboom, Jan Willem; Roy, Sharon; Saywell, Darren; Schechtman, Lisa; Tantri, Anupama; Velleman, Yael; Utzinger, Jürg; (2013) Integration of water, sanitation, and hygiene for the prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases: a rationale for inter-sectoral collaboration. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 7 (9). e2439-. ISSN 1935-2727 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002439

Greenland, Katie; Cairncross, Sandy; Cumming, Oliver; Curtis, Valerie; (2013) Can we afford to overlook hand hygiene again? Tropical medicine & international health, 18 (3). pp. 246-249. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12055 Full text not available from this repository.

Haines, Andy; Bruce, Nigel; Cairncross, Sandy; Davies, Michael; Greenland, Katie; Hiscox, Alexandra; Lindsay, Steve; Lindsay, Tom; Satterthwaite, David; Wilkinson, Paul; (2013) Promoting health and advancing development through improved housing in low-income settings. Journal of urban health, 90 (5). pp. 810-831. ISSN 1099-3460 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-012-9773-8 Full text not available from this repository.

Islam, Mohammad Sirajul; Mahmud, Zahid Hayat; Gope, Partha Sarathi; Zaman, Rokon Uz; Hossain, Zakir; Islam, Mohammad Shafiqul; Mondal, Dinesh; Sharker, Mohammad Abu Yushuf; Islam, Khairul; Jahan, Hasin; +6 more... Bhuiya, Abbas; Endtz, Hubert P; Cravioto, Alejandro; Curtis, Valerie; Touré, Ousmane; Cairncross, Sandy; (2013) Hygiene intervention reduces contamination of weaning food in Bangladesh. Tropical medicine & international health, 18 (3). pp. 250-258. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12051 Full text not available from this repository.

Jiménez, Alejandro; Cavill, Sue; Cairncross, Sandy; (2013) The neglect of hygiene promotion in developing countries, as shown by the Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water survey. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4 (2). pp. 240-247. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.119 Full text not available from this repository.

Touré, Ousmane; Coulibaly, Salimata; Arby, Aminata; Maiga, Farmata; Cairncross, Sandy; (2013) Piloting an intervention to improve microbiological food safety in Peri-Urban Mali. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 216 (2). pp. 138-145. ISSN 1438-4639 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.02.003 Full text not available from this repository.

Watts, Charlotte; Cairncross, Sandy; (2013) Should the GBD risk factor rankings be used to guide policy? Lancet, 380 (9859). pp. 2060-2061. ISSN 0140-6736 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62121-7 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, Sandy; Tayeh, Ahmed; Korkor, Andrew Seidu; (2012) Why is dracunculiasis eradication taking so long? Trends in parasitology, 28 (6). pp. 225-230. ISSN 1471-4922 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2012.03.003 Full text not available from this repository.

Dil, Yasemin; Strachan, Daniel; Cairncross, Sandy; Korkor, Andrew Seidu; Hill, Zelee; (2012) Motivations and challenges of community-based surveillance volunteers in the northern region of Ghana. Journal of community health, 37 (6). pp. 1192-1198. ISSN 0094-5145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-012-9569-5 Full text not available from this repository.

Hunter, Paul R; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy; (2012) Comment on "Randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years". Environmental science & technology, 46 (5). 3035-. ISSN 0013-936X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es204500c Full text not available from this repository.

Queiroz, ACL; Cardoso, LSM; Silva, SCF; Heller, L; Cairncross, S; (2012) Programa Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental Relacionada à Qualidade da Agua para Consumo Humano (Vigiagua): lacunas entre a formulação do programa e sua implantação na instância municipal. Saúde e Sociedade, 21 (2). pp. 465-478. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/1898189 Full text not available from this repository.

Queiroz, Ana Carolina Lanza; Cardoso, Laís Santos de Magalhães; Heller, Léo; Cairncross, Sandy; (2012) O uso da pesquisa-ação para a avaliação e o aprimoramento de práticas integradas para a vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano: potencialidades e desafios. Engenharia Sanitaria E Ambiental, 17 (3). pp. 277-286. ISSN 1413-4152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-41522012000300004 Full text not available from this repository.

Strina, Agostino; Rodrigues, Laura C; Cairncross, Sandy; Ferrer, Suzana R; Fialho, Alexandre Madi; Leite, Jose Paulo G; Ribeiro, Hugo C; Barreto, Mauricio L; (2012) Factors associated with rotavirus diarrhoea in children living in a socially diverse urban centre in Brazil. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 106 (7). pp. 445-451. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.02.001 Full text not available from this repository.

Barreto, Mauricio L; Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; Teixeira, Maria Gloria; Assis, Ana Marlucia O; Rego, Rita F; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Matos, Sheila; Alcântara-Neves, Neuza M; +1 more... Cairncross, Sandy; (2011) Impact of a citywide sanitation program in Northeast Brazil on intestinal parasites infection in young children. Environmental health perspectives, 118 (11). pp. 1637-1642. ISSN 0091-6765 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002058

Cairncross, Sandy; (2011) Personal Notice. Tropical medicine & international health, 16 (5). p. 659. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02779.x Full text not available from this repository.

Santos, Andreia C; Roberts, Jennifer A; Barreto, Mauricio L; Cairncross, Sandy; (2011) Demand for sanitation in Salvador, Brazil: a hybrid choice approach. Social science & medicine (1982), 72 (8). pp. 1325-1332. ISSN 0277-9536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.02.018 Full text not available from this repository.

Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Arnold, Benjamin F; Boisson, Sophie; Genser, Bernd; Luby, Stephen P; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Cairncross, Sandy; (2011) Epidemiological methods in diarrhoea studies--an update. International journal of epidemiology, 40 (6). pp. 1678-1692. ISSN 0300-5771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyr152

Subaiya, Saleena; Cairncross, Sandy; (2011) Response to Wang and Hunter: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between self-reported diarrheal disease and distance from home to water source. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 84 (3). 504-. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0591a

Teixeira, MG; Barreto, ML; Costa, M; Ferreira, LDA; Morato, V; Vasconcelos, PF; Cairncross, S; (2011) HETEROGENEITY OF RISK FACTORS OF DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION IN AN URBAN SETTING. [Conference or Workshop Item] https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2011.142976m.72 Full text not available from this repository.

Touré, Ousmane; Coulibaly, Salimata; Arby, Aminata; Maiga, Farmata; Cairncross, Sandy; (2011) Improving microbiological food Safety in peri-urban Mali; an experimental study. Food control, 22 (10). pp. 1565-1572. ISSN 0956-7135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.03.012 Full text not available from this repository.

LSHTM; (2010) Hygiene, Sanitation, Water Supply: Forgotten Foundations of Health - 15 November 2010. [Podcast] http://soundcloud.com/lshtm/hygiene-sanitation-wat...

LSHTM; (2010) Millennium Goals: Mired In Excrement? - 18 September 2010. [Podcast] http://soundcloud.com/lshtm/millennium-goals-mired...

Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy; (2010) Hygiene, sanitation, and water: forgotten foundations of health. PLoS medicine, 7 (11). e1000367-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000367

Cairncross, Sandy; Bartram, Jamie; Cumming, Oliver; Brocklehurst, Clarissa; (2010) Hygiene, sanitation, and water: what needs to be done? PLoS medicine, 7 (11). e1000365-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000365

Cairncross, Sandy; Hunt, Caroline; Boisson, Sophie; Bostoen, Kristof; Curtis, Val; Fung, Isaac CH; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; (2010) Water, sanitation and hygiene for the prevention of diarrhoea. International journal of epidemiology, 39 Sup (Suppl). i193-i205. ISSN 0300-5771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyq035

Clasen, Thomas F; Bostoen, Kristof; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Boisson, Sophie; Fung, Isaac C-H; Jenkins, Marion W; Scott, Beth; Sugden, Steven; Cairncross, Sandy; (2010) Interventions to improve disposal of human excreta for preventing diarrhoea. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2010 (6). CD007180-. ISSN 1469-493X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007180.pub2

Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Scott, Christopher A; Brooker, Simon; Cairncross, Sandy; (2010) Sewage disposal in the Musi-River, India: water quality remediation through irrigation infrastructure. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 24 (1-2). pp. 65-77. ISSN 0168-6291 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10795-009-9088-4 Full text not available from this repository.

Jenkins, Marion W; Cairncross, Sandy; (2010) Modelling latrine diffusion in Benin: towards a community typology of demand for improved sanitation in developing countries. Journal of water and health, 8 (1). pp. 166-183. ISSN 1477-8920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2009.111 Full text not available from this repository.

Ramos da Silva, Sara; Heller, Léo; de Campos Valadares, Jorge; Cairncross, Sandy; (2010) Relationship (or its lack) between population and a water and sanitation service: a study of users' perception in Vitória (ES) Brazil. Journal of water and health, 8 (4). pp. 764-778. ISSN 1477-8920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2010.067 Full text not available from this repository.

Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Genser, Bernd; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Luby, Stephen P; Cairncross, Sandy; Chalabi, Zaid; (2010) Sampling strategies to measure the prevalence of common recurrent infections in longitudinal studies. Emerging themes in epidemiology, 7 (1). 5-. ISSN 1742-7622 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-7622-7-5

Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Cairncross, Sandy; (2009) Ascariasis and handwashing. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103 (3). pp. 215-222. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.08.003 Full text not available from this repository.

Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Boisson, Sophie; Genser, Bernd; Barreto, Mauricio L; Baisley, Kathy; Filteau, Suzanne; Cairncross, Sandy; (2009) Weight-for-age z-score as a proxy marker for diarrhoea in epidemiological studies. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 64 (12). pp. 1074-1079. ISSN 0143-005X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.099721

Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; (2009) Response to Comment on “Household Water Treatment in Poor Populations: Is There Enough Evidence for Scaling up Now?”. Environmental science & technology, 43 (14). pp. 5545-5546. ISSN 0013-936X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es901311c Full text not available from this repository.

Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; (2009) Household water treatment in poor populations: is there enough evidence for scaling up now? Environmental science & technology, 43 (4). pp. 986-992. ISSN 0013-936X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/es802232w Item availability may be restricted.

Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Cairncross, Sandy; Barreto, Mauricio L; Clasen, Thomas; Genser, Bernd; (2009) Recent diarrhoeal illness and risk of lower respiratory infections in children under the age of 5 years. International journal of epidemiology, 38 (3). pp. 766-772. ISSN 0300-5771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyp159

Tayeh, Ahmed; Cairncross, Sandy; (2009) Certification of disease eradication: lessons from dracunculiasis. Tropical medicine & international health, 14 (12). pp. 1431-1436. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02393.x Full text not available from this repository.

Toure, Ousmane; (2009) Implementation of the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) method to improve microbiological food safety in peri-urban Mali. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.01343274

LSHTM; (2008) Bayard Roberts, Sian Clarke, Sandy Cairncross, Claire Bertschinger and more - 11 August 2008. [Podcast] http://soundcloud.com/lshtm/bayard-roberts-sian-cl...

LSHTM; (2008) Sandy Cairncross, Maggie Black and Girish Menon - 28 Mar 2008. [Podcast] http://soundcloud.com/lshtm/sandy-cairncross-maggi...

Chandramohan, Daniel; Shibuya, Kenji; Setel, Philip; Cairncross, Sandy; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL; Zaba, Basia; Snow, Robert W; Binka, Fred; (2008) Should data from demographic surveillance systems be made more widely available to researchers? PLoS medicine, 5 (2). e57-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0050057

Clasen, T; Bostoen, K; Schmidt, W; Boisson, S; Fung, I; Jenkins, M; Scott, B; Sugden, S; Cairncross, S; (2008) Interventions to improve excreta disposal for the prevention of diarrhoea. (Protocol for a Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library (2). https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/7025 Full text not available from this repository.

Ferrer, Suzana R; Strina, Agostino; Jesus, Sandra R; Ribeiro, Hugo C; Cairncross, Sandy; Rodrigues, Laura C; Barreto, Mauricio L; (2008) A hierarchical model for studying risk factors for childhood diarrhoea: a case-control study in a middle-income country. International journal of epidemiology, 37 (4). pp. 805-815. ISSN 0300-5771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyn093 Full text not available from this repository.

Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; dos Santos, Lenaldo A; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Cairncross, Sandy; Barreto, Mauricio L; (2008) Impact of a city-wide sanitation intervention in a large urban centre on social, environmental and behavioural determinants of childhood diarrhoea: analysis of two cohort studies. International journal of epidemiology, 37 (4). pp. 831-840. ISSN 0300-5771 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyn101 Full text not available from this repository.

Barreto, ML; Genser, B; Strina, A; Teixeira, MG; Assis, AMO; Rego, RF; Teles, CA; Prado, MS; Matos, SMA; Santos, DN; +2 more... dos Santos, LA; Cairncross, S; (2007) Impact on diarrhoea of a city-wide sanitation programme in Northeast Brazil. Lancet, 370 (9599). pp. 1622-1628. ISSN 0140-6736 https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/9140 Full text not available from this repository.

Barreto, Mauricio L; Genser, Bernd; Strina, Agostino; Teixeira, Maria Gloria; Assis, Ana Marlucia O; Rego, Rita F; Teles, Carlos A; Prado, Matildes S; Matos, Sheila MA; Santos, Darci N; +2 more... dos Santos, Lenaldo A; Cairncross, Sandy; (2007) Effect of city-wide sanitation programme on reduction in rate of childhood diarrhoea in northeast Brazil: assessment by two cohort studies. Lancet, 370 (9599). pp. 1622-1628. ISSN 0140-6736 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61638-9

Bostoen, Kristof; (2007) Measuring Access and Practice: Designing a Survey Methodology for the Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Sector. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.00682235

Clasen, Thomas; Haller, Laurence; Walker, Damian; Bartram, Jamie; Cairncross, Sandy; (2007) Cost-effectiveness of water quality interventions for preventing diarrhoeal disease in developing countries. Journal of water and health, 5 (4). pp. 599-608. ISSN 1477-8920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2007.010 Full text not available from this repository.

Clasen, Thomas; Schmidt, Wolf-Peter; Rabie, Tamer; Roberts, Ian; Cairncross, Sandy; (2007) Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed), 334 (7597). 782-. ISSN 0959-8138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39118.489931.BE

Ensink, JHJ; van der Hoek, W; Mara, DD; Cairncross, S; (2007) Waste stabilization pond performance in Pakistan and its implications for wastewater use in agriculture. Urban Water Journal, 4 (4). pp. 261-267. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15730620701427429 Full text not available from this repository.

Fung, Isaac C-H; Cairncross, Sandy; (2007) How often do you wash your hands? A review of studies of hand-washing practices in the community during and after the SARS outbreak in 2003. International journal of environmental health research, 17 (3). pp. 161-183. ISSN 0960-3123 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09603120701254276 Full text not available from this repository.

Tayeh, Ahmed; Cairncross, Sandy; (2007) Editorial: Dracunculiasis eradication by 2009: will endemic countries meet the target? Tropical medicine & international health, 12 (12). pp. 1403-1408. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01947.x Full text not available from this repository.

Teixeira, MG; Barreto, ML; Costa, MDCN; Ferreira, LDA; Morato, V; Vasconcelos, PF; Cairncross, S; (2007) Exposure to the risk of dengue virus infection in an urban setting: Ecological versus individual heterogeneity. Dengue bulletin, 31. pp. 36-46. ISSN 1020-895X https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/7026 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, S; Valdmanis, V; (2006) Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion (Chapter 41). In: Jamison, DT; Breman, JG; Measham, AR; etal, (eds.) Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. The World Bank, Washington DC, pp. 771-792. ISBN 0821361791 https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/12966

Clasen, T; Roberts, I; Rabie, T; Schmidt, W; Cairncross, S; (2006) Interventions to improve water quality for preventing diarrhoea. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 3 (3). CD004794-. ISSN 1469-493X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004794.pub2

Fung, Isaac Chun-Hai; Cairncross, Sandy; (2006) Effectiveness of handwashing in preventing SARS: a review. Tropical medicine & international health, 11 (11). pp. 1749-1758. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01734.x Full text not available from this repository.

Waterkeyn, Juliet Anne Virginia; (2006) Cost-effective health promotion and hygiene behaviour change through community health clubs in Zimbabwe. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.00682348

Cairncross, S; (2005) Evaluation of the dracunculiasis surveillance system in 4 districts in Ghana. Technical Report. UNSPECIFIED. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/12967

Cairncross, Sandy; Shordt, Kathleen; Zacharia, Suma; Govindan, Beena Kumari; (2005) What causes sustainable changes in hygiene behaviour? A cross-sectional study from Kerala, India. Social science & medicine (1982), 61 (10). pp. 2212-2220. ISSN 0277-9536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.019 Full text not available from this repository.

Ezzati, Majid; Utzinger, Jürg; Cairncross, Sandy; Cohen, Aaron J; Singer, Burton H; (2005) Environmental risks in the developing world: exposure indicators for evaluating interventions, programmes, and policies. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 59 (1). pp. 15-22. ISSN 0143-005X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2003.019471 Full text not available from this repository.

Morgan, Oliver; Ahern, Mike; Cairncross, Sandy; (2005) Revisiting the tsunami: health consequences of flooding. PLoS medicine, 2 (6). e184-. ISSN 1549-1277 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020184

Oum, Sophal; Chandramohan, Daniel; Cairncross, Sandy; (2005) Community-based surveillance: a pilot study from rural Cambodia. Tropical medicine & international health, 10 (7). pp. 689-697. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01445.x Full text not available from this repository.

Prado, MS; Cairncross, S; Strina, A; Barreto, ML; Oliveira-Assis, AM; Rego, S; (2005) Asymptomatic giardiasis and growth in young children; a longitudinal study in Salvador, Brazil. Parasitology, 131 (Pt 1). pp. 51-56. ISSN 0031-1820 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182005007353

Strina, Agostino; Cairncross, Sandy; Prado, Matildes S; Teles, Carlos AS; Barreto, Mauricio L; (2005) Childhood diarrhoea symptoms, management and duration: observations from a longitudinal community study. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 99 (6). pp. 407-416. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.07.007 Full text not available from this repository.

Waterkeyn, Juliet; Cairncross, Sandy; (2005) Creating demand for sanitation and hygiene through Community Health Clubs: a cost-effective intervention in two districts in Zimbabwe. Social science & medicine (1982), 61 (9). pp. 1958-1970. ISSN 0277-9536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.012 Full text not available from this repository.

Aiga, Hirotsugu; Amano, Takayuki; Cairncross, Sandy; Adomako, Joseph; Nanas, Ofosu-Kwabi; Coleman, Susan; (2004) Assessing water-related risk factors for Buruli ulcer: a case-control study in Ghana. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 71 (4). pp. 387-392. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.387

Bolt, E; Cairncross, S; (2004) Sustainability of Hygiene Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Change Interventions. 1 - Lessons learned on research methodologies and research implementation from a multi-country research study. IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre, Delft, Netherlands. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/12969 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, S; (2004) The Case for Marketing Sanitation. Water & Sanitation Program Field Note. Technical Report. The World Bank, Nairobi. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/19420

Cairncross, S; Muller, R; (2004) Dracunculiasis. In: Kamel, R; Lumley, J, (eds.) Textbook of Tropical Surgery. Westminster Publishing, London, pp. 1053-1055. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/12972 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, S; Valdmanis, V; (2004) Water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion. Disease Control Priorities Project, Working Paper no. 28. Technical Report. National Institutes of Health, Washington DC. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/12970

Clasen, Thomas F; Brown, Joseph; Collin, Simon; Suntura, Oscar; Cairncross, Sandy; (2004) Reducing diarrhea through the use of household-based ceramic water filters: a randomized, controlled trial in rural Bolivia. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 70 (6). pp. 651-657. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2004.70.651

Clasen, Thomas F; Cairncross, Sandy; (2004) Household water management: refining the dominant paradigm. Tropical medicine & international health, 9 (2). pp. 187-191. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01191.x Full text not available from this repository.

Jensen, PK; Jayasinghe, G; van der Hoek, W; Cairncross, S; Dalsgaard, A; (2004) Is there an association between bacteriological drinking water quality and childhood diarrhoea in developing countries? Tropical medicine & international health, 9 (11). pp. 1210-1215. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01329.x Full text not available from this repository.

Moraes, LRS; Cairncross, S; (2004) Environmental interventions and the pattern of geohelminth infections in Salvador, Brazil. Parasitology, 129 (Pt 2). pp. 223-232. ISSN 0031-1820 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0031182004005463

Moraes, LRS; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy; (2004) Impact of drainage and sewerage on intestinal nematode infections in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 98 (4). pp. 197-204. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(03)00043-9 Full text not available from this repository.

Shordt, K; Cairncross, S; (2004) Sustainability of Hygiene Behaviour and the Effectiveness of Change Interventions. 2 – Findings of a multi-country research study and implications for water and sanitation programmes. IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre, Delft, Netherlands. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/18984 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, S; (2003) Sanitation in the developing world: current status and future solutions. International journal of environmental health research, 13 Sup (sup1). S123-S131. ISSN 0960-3123 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0960312031000102886 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, S; O'Neill, D; McCoy, A; Sethi, D; (2003) Health, Environment and the Burden of Disease; a Guidance Note. Technical Report. Department for International Development, London. https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/15497

Cairncross, Sandy; (2003) Handwashing with soap - a new way to prevent ARIs? Tropical medicine & international health, 8 (8). pp. 677-679. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01096.x Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, Sandy; (2003) Water supply and sanitation: some misconceptions. Tropical medicine & international health, 8 (3). pp. 193-195. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01027.x Full text not available from this repository.

Curtis, Val; Cairncross, Sandy; (2003) Effect of washing hands with soap on diarrhoea risk in the community: a systematic review. The Lancet infectious diseases, 3 (5). pp. 275-281. ISSN 1473-3099 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(03)00606-6 Full text not available from this repository.

Curtis, Val; Cairncross, Sandy; (2003) Water, sanitation, and hygiene at Kyoto. BMJ (Clinical research ed), 327 (7405). pp. 3-4. ISSN 0959-8138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7405.3

Jensen, Peter K; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Jayasinghe, Gayathri; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; Dalsgaard, Anders; (2003) Effect of chlorination of drinking-water on water quality and childhood diarrhoea in a village in Pakistan. Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 21 (1). pp. 26-31. ISSN 1606-0997 https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/15597

Moraes, LR; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy; Huttly, Sharon; (2003) Impact of drainage and sewerage on diarrhoea in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 97 (2). pp. 153-158. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90104-0 Full text not available from this repository.

Prado, MS; Strina, A; Barreto, ML; Oliveira-Assis, Ana Marlúcia; Paz, Lívia Maria; Cairncross, S; (2003) Risk factors for infection with Giardia duodenalis in pre-school children in the city of Salvador, Brazil. Epidemiology and infection, 131 (2). pp. 899-906. ISSN 0950-2688 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803001018

Strina, A; Cairncross, S; Barreto, ML; Larrea, C; Prado, MS; (2003) Childhood diarrhea and observed hygiene behavior in Salvador, Brazil. American journal of epidemiology, 157 (11). pp. 1032-1038. ISSN 0002-9262 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwg075 Full text not available from this repository.

Cairncross, Sandy; Muller, Ralph; Zagaria, Nevio; (2002) Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) and the eradication initiative. Clinical microbiology reviews, 15 (2). pp. 223-246. ISSN 0893-8512 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.15.2.223-246.2002 Full text not available from this repository.

Jensen, Peter Kjaer; Ensink, Jeroen HJ; Jayasinghe, Gayathri; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; Dalsgaard, Anders; (2002) Domestic transmission routes of pathogens: the problem of in-house contamination of drinking water during storage in developing countries. Tropical medicine & international health, 7 (7). pp. 604-609. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00901.x Full text not available from this repository.

Teixeira, Maria da Glória; Barreto, Maurício L; Costa, Maria da Conceição N; Ferreira, Leila Denize A; Vasconcelos, Pedro FC; Cairncross, Sandy; (2002) Dynamics of dengue virus circulation: a silent epidemic in a complex urban area. Tropical medicine & international health, 7 (9). pp. 757-762. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.2002.00930.x Full text not available from this repository.

Thompson, J; Cairncross, S; (2002) Drawers of water: Assessing domestic water use in Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80 (1). pp. 61-73. ISSN 0042-9686 https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/17824

de Almeida, LM; Amaku, M; Azevedo, RS; Cairncross, S; Massad, E; (2002) The intensity of transmission of hepatitis A and heterogeneities in socio-environmental risk factors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 96 (6). pp. 605-610. ISSN 0035-9203 https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/1268513 Full text not available from this repository.

de Almeida, Liz Maria; Amaku, Marcos; Azevedo, Raymundo Soares; Cairncross, Sandy; Massad, Eduardo; (2002) The intensity of transmission of hepatitis A and heterogeneities in socio-environmental risk factors in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 96 (6). pp. 605-610. ISSN 0035-9203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90325-1 Full text not available from this repository.

Almeida, LM; Werneck, GL; Cairncross, S; Coeli, CM; Costa, MC; Coletty, PE; (2001) The epidemiology of hepatitis A in Rio de Janeiro: environmental and domestic risk factors. Epidemiology and infection, 127 (2). pp. 327-333. ISSN 0950-2688 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268801005945

Bradley, D; Cairncross, S; Haines, A; Stephens, C; (2001) Health and sustainable development. [Conference or Workshop Item] https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/17825 Full text not available from this repository.

Jensen, Peter K; Matsuno, Yutaka; van der Hoek, Wim; Cairncross, Sandy; (2001) Limitations of irrigation water quality guidelines from a multiple use perspective. Irrigation and Drainage Systems, 15 (2). pp. 117-128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1012941329395 Full text not available from this repository.

Peasey, AE; (2000) Human exposure to Ascaris infection through wastewater reuse in irrigation and its public health significance. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.04646510

Moraes, LRS; (1996) Health impact of drainage and sewerage in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/pubs.04650161