Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil.

William Marciel de Souza ORCID logo ; Lewis Fletcher Buss ; Darlan da Silva Candido ; Jean-Paul Carrera ORCID logo ; Sabrina Li ; Alexander E Zarebski ORCID logo ; Rafael Henrique Moraes Pereira ORCID logo ; Carlos A Prete ORCID logo ; Andreza Aruska de Souza-Santos ORCID logo ; Kris V Parag ORCID logo ; +32 more... Maria Carolina TD Belotti ORCID logo ; Maria F Vincenti-Gonzalez ; Janey Messina ORCID logo ; Flavia Cristina da Silva Sales ORCID logo ; Pamela Dos Santos Andrade ORCID logo ; Vítor Heloiz Nascimento ORCID logo ; Fabio Ghilardi ; Leandro Abade ORCID logo ; Bernardo Gutierrez ORCID logo ; Moritz UG Kraemer ORCID logo ; Carlos KV Braga ; Renato Santana Aguiar ; Neal Alexander ORCID logo ; Philippe Mayaud ORCID logo ; Oliver J Brady ORCID logo ; Izabel Marcilio ORCID logo ; Nelson Gouveia ORCID logo ; Guangdi Li ; Adriana Tami ; Silvano Barbosa de Oliveira ; Victor Bertollo Gomes Porto ORCID logo ; Fabiana Ganem ; Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de Almeida ORCID logo ; Francieli Fontana Sutile Tardetti Fantinato ; Eduardo Marques Macário ; Wanderson Kleber de Oliveira ; Mauricio L Nogueira ORCID logo ; Oliver G Pybus ORCID logo ; Chieh-Hsi Wu ORCID logo ; Julio Croda ORCID logo ; Ester C Sabino ; Nuno Rodrigues Faria ORCID logo ; (2020) Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil. NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR, 4 (8). pp. 856-865. ISSN 2397-3374 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-0928-4
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The first case of COVID-19 was detected in Brazil on 25 February 2020. We report and contextualize epidemiological, demographic and clinical findings for COVID-19 cases during the first 3 months of the epidemic. By 31 May 2020, 514,200 COVID-19 cases, including 29,314 deaths, had been reported in 75.3% (4,196 of 5,570) of municipalities across all five administrative regions of Brazil. The R0 value for Brazil was estimated at 3.1 (95% Bayesian credible interval = 2.4-5.5), with a higher median but overlapping credible intervals compared with some other seriously affected countries. A positive association between higher per-capita income and COVID-19 diagnosis was identified. Furthermore, the severe acute respiratory infection cases with unknown aetiology were associated with lower per-capita income. Co-circulation of six respiratory viruses was detected but at very low levels. These findings provide a comprehensive description of the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil and may help to guide subsequent measures to control virus transmission.


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