Association of anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in hair and treatment outcomes in MDR- and XDR-TB.
Metcalfe, John;
Bacchetti, Peter;
Gerona, Roy;
Esmail, Ali;
Dheda, Keertan;
Gandhi, Monica;
(2019)
Association of anti-tuberculosis drug concentrations in hair and treatment outcomes in MDR- and XDR-TB.
ERJ Open Research, 5 (2).
00046-2019.
ISSN 2312-508X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00046-2019
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Therapeutic drug monitoring for drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is likely to improve treatment outcomes. While assessments of plasma drug levels can explain pharmacokinetic variability among trial participants, these measures require phlebotomy and a cold chain, and are generally not repeated frequently enough to characterise drug exposure over time. Using a novel multi-analyte assay, we found evidence that higher anti-TB drug concentrations in hair, a non-biohazardous and noninvasively collected biomatrix, predict extensively-drug resistant-TB clinical outcomes in a high-burden setting.