Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in neonates reveals widespread differential DNA methylation associated with birthweight.

Küpers, Leanne K; Monnereau, Claire; Sharp, Gemma CORCID logo; Yousefi, Paul; Salas, Lucas AORCID logo; Ghantous, Akram; Page, Christian M; Reese, Sarah E; Wilcox, Allen J; Czamara, DarinaORCID logo; +117 more...Starling, Anne P; Novoloaca, Alexei; Lent, Samantha; Roy, Ritu; Hoyo, Cathrine; Breton, Carrie V; Allard, CatherineORCID logo; Just, Allan C; Bakulski, Kelly MORCID logo; Holloway, John WORCID logo; Everson, Todd M; Xu, Cheng-JianORCID logo; Huang, Rae-Chi; van der Plaat, Diana A; Wielscher, Matthias; Merid, Simon Kebede; Ullemar, Vilhelmina; Rezwan, Faisal IORCID logo; Lahti, JariORCID logo; van Dongen, JennyORCID logo; Langie, Sabine AS; Richardson, Tom GORCID logo; Magnus, Maria C; Nohr, Ellen A; Xu, Zongli; Duijts, Liesbeth; Zhao, Shanshan; Zhang, Weiming; Plusquin, Michelle; DeMeo, Dawn L; Solomon, Olivia; Heimovaara, Joosje H; Jima, Dereje D; Gao, Lu; Bustamante, Mariona; Perron, Patrice; Wright, Robert O; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva; Zhang, Hongmei; Karagas, Margaret R; Gehring, Ulrike; Marsit, Carmen JORCID logo; Beilin, Lawrence J; Vonk, Judith M; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Bergström, Anna; Örtqvist, Anne K; Ewart, Susan; Villa, Pia M; Moore, Sophie E; Willemsen, Gonneke; Standaert, Arnout RL; Håberg, Siri E; Sørensen, Thorkild IAORCID logo; Taylor, Jack A; Räikkönen, Katri; Yang, Ivana V; Kechris, Katerina; Nawrot, Tim S; Silver, Matt JORCID logo; Gong, Yun Yun; Richiardi, Lorenzo; Kogevinas, Manolis; Litonjua, Augusto A; Eskenazi, Brenda; Huen, Karen; Mbarek, HamdiORCID logo; Maguire, Rachel L; Dwyer, Terence; Vrijheid, Martine; Bouchard, Luigi; Baccarelli, Andrea A; Croen, Lisa AORCID logo; Karmaus, Wilfried; Anderson, DeniseORCID logo; de Vries, Maaike; Sebert, Sylvain; Kere, JuhaORCID logo; Karlsson, RobertORCID logo; Arshad, Syed Hasan; Hämäläinen, Esa; Routledge, Michael N; Boomsma, Dorret I; Feinberg, Andrew PORCID logo; Newschaffer, Craig J; Govarts, Eva; Moisse, MatthieuORCID logo; Fallin, M Daniele; Melén, Erik; Prentice, Andrew MORCID logo; Kajantie, Eero; Almqvist, Catarina; Oken, Emily; Dabelea, Dana; Boezen, H Marike; Melton, Phillip EORCID logo; Wright, Rosalind J; Koppelman, Gerard H; Trevisi, Letizia; Hivert, Marie-France; Sunyer, Jordi; Munthe-Kaas, Monica C; Murphy, Susan K; Corpeleijn, Eva; Wiemels, Joseph; Holland, Nina; Herceg, Zdenko; Binder, Elisabeth B; Davey Smith, GeorgeORCID logo; Jaddoe, Vincent WVORCID logo; Lie, Rolv T; Nystad, Wenche; London, Stephanie JORCID logo; Lawlor, Debbie AORCID logo; Relton, Caroline LORCID logo; Snieder, Harold; and Felix, Janine FORCID logo (2019) Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in neonates reveals widespread differential DNA methylation associated with birthweight. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 10 (1). 1893-. ISSN 2041-1723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09671-3
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Birthweight is associated with health outcomes across the life course, DNA methylation may be an underlying mechanism. In this meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of 8,825 neonates from 24 birth cohorts in the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics Consortium, we find that DNA methylation in neonatal blood is associated with birthweight at 914 sites, with a difference in birthweight ranging from -183 to 178 grams per 10% increase in methylation (PBonferroni < 1.06 x 10-7). In additional analyses in 7,278 participants, <1.3% of birthweight-associated differential methylation is also observed in childhood and adolescence, but not adulthood. Birthweight-related CpGs overlap with some Bonferroni-significant CpGs that were previously reported to be related to maternal smoking (55/914, p = 6.12 x 10-74) and BMI in pregnancy (3/914, p = 1.13x10-3), but not with those related to folate levels in pregnancy. Whether the associations that we observe are causal or explained by confounding or fetal growth influencing DNA methylation (i.e. reverse causality) requires further research.

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