Microbiota that affect risk for shigellosis in children in low-income countries.

Lindsay, Brianna; Oundo, Joe; Hossain, M Anowar; Antonio, MartinORCID logo; Tamboura, Boubou; Walker, Alan W; Paulson, Joseph N; Parkhill, Julian; Omore, Richard; Faruque, Abu SG; +18 more...Das, Suman Kumar; Ikumapayi, Usman NORCID logo; Adeyemi, Mitchell; Sanogo, Doh; Saha, Debasish; Sow, Samba; Farag, Tamer H; Nasrin, Dilruba; Li, Shan; Panchalingam, Sandra; Levine, Myron M; Kotloff, Karen; Magder, Laurence S; Hungerford, Laura; Sommerfelt, Halvor; Pop, Mihai; Nataro, James P; and Stine, O Colin (2015) Microbiota that affect risk for shigellosis in children in low-income countries. Emerging infectious diseases, 21 (2). pp. 242-250. ISSN 1080-6040 DOI: 10.3201/eid2101.140795
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Pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract exist within a vast population of microbes. We examined associations between pathogens and composition of gut microbiota as they relate to Shigella spp./enteroinvasive Escherichia coli infection. We analyzed 3,035 stool specimens (1,735 nondiarrheal and 1,300 moderate-to-severe diarrheal) from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study for 9 enteropathogens. Diarrheal specimens had a higher number of enteropathogens (diarrheal mean 1.4, nondiarrheal mean 0.95; p<0.0001). Rotavirus showed a negative association with Shigella spp. in cases of diarrhea (odds ratio 0.31, 95% CI 0.17-0.55) and had a large combined effect on moderate-to-severe diarrhea (odds ratio 29, 95% CI 3.8-220). In 4 Lactobacillus taxa identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the association between pathogen and disease was decreased, which is consistent with the possibility that Lactobacillus spp. are protective against Shigella spp.-induced diarrhea. Bacterial diversity of gut microbiota was associated with diarrhea status, not high levels of the Shigella spp. ipaH gene.

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