Khan, Khadija; Lustig, Gila; Bernstein, Mallory; Archary, Derseree; Cele, Sandile; Karim, Farina; Smith, Muneerah; Ganga, Yashica; Jule, Zesuliwe; Reedoy, Kajal; +15 more... Miya, Yoliswa; Mthabela, Ntombifuthi; Magula, Nombulelo P; Lessells, Richard; de Oliveira, Tulio; Gosnell, Bernadett I; Abdool Karim, Salim; Garrett, Nigel; Hanekom, Willem; Bekker, Linda-Gail; Gray, Glenda; Blackburn, Jonathan M; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S; Sigal, Alex; COMMIT-KZN Team; (2022) Immunogenicity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and Ad26.CoV2.S Vaccination in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Clinical infectious diseases, 75 (1). e857-e864. ISSN 1058-4838 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab1008
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV (PLWH) have been reported to have a higher risk of more severe COVID-19 disease and death. We assessed the ability of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine to elicit neutralizing activity against the Delta variant in PLWH relative to HIV-negative individuals. We also examined effects of HIV status and suppression on Delta neutralization response in SARS-CoV-2-infected unvaccinated participants. METHODS: We enrolled participants who were vaccinated through the SISONKE South African clinical trial of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs). PLWH in this group had well-controlled HIV infection. We also enrolled unvaccinated participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Neutralization capacity was assessed by a live virus neutralization assay of the Delta variant. RESULTS: Most Ad26.CoV2.S vaccinated HCWs were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this group, Delta variant neutralization was 9-fold higher compared with the infected-only group and 26-fold higher relative to the vaccinated-only group. No decrease in Delta variant neutralization was observed in PLWH relative to HIV-negative participants. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-infected, unvaccinated PLWH showed 7-fold lower neutralization and a higher frequency of nonresponders, with the highest frequency of nonresponders in people with HIV viremia. Vaccinated-only participants showed low neutralization capacity. CONCLUSIONS: The neutralization response of the Delta variant following Ad26.CoV2.S vaccination in PLWH with well-controlled HIV was not inferior to HIV-negative participants, irrespective of past SARS-CoV-2 infection. In SARS-CoV-2-infected and nonvaccinated participants, HIV infection reduced the neutralization response to SARS-CoV-2, with the strongest reduction in HIV viremic individuals.
Item Type | Article |
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Research Centre | Covid-19 Research |
PubMed ID | 34893824 |
Elements ID | 197781 |
Official URL | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab1008 |
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Filename: Khan_etal_2021_Immunogenicity-of-severe-acute-respiratory.pdf
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