Flygel, Trym T; Sovershaeva, Evgeniya; Claassen-Weitz, Shantelle; Hjerde, Erik; Mwaikono, Kilaza S; Odland, Jon Ø; Ferrand, Rashida A; Mchugh, Grace; Gutteberg, Tore J; Nicol, Mark P; +3 more... Cavanagh, Jorunn P; Flægstad, Trond; BREATHE Study Team; (2019) Composition of Gut Microbiota of Children and Adolescents With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Zimbabwe. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 221 (3). pp. 483-492. ISSN 0022-1899 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz473
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes impairment of the gastrointestinal barrier, with substantial depletion of CD4+ T cells in the gut. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4+ counts and may have beneficial effects on gut microbiota in adults. Little is known about effect of long-term ART on gut microbiome in HIV-infected children. We investigated composition of gut microbiota in HIV-infected and -uninfected children and assessed associations between gut microbiota and patient characteristics. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, rectal swabs were collected from 177 HIV-infected and 103 HIV-uninfected controls. Gut microbial composition was explored using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing. RESULTS: Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children had significantly lower alpha-diversity and higher beta-diversity compared to HIV-uninfected. No association was observed between microbiome diversity and CD4+ T-cell count, HIV viral load, or HIV-associated chronic lung disease. We found enriched levels of Corynebacterium (P < .01), Finegoldia (P < .01), and Anaerococcus (P < .01) in HIV-infected participants and enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae (P = .02) in participants with low CD4+ counts (<400 cells/mm3). Prolonged ART-treatment (≥10 years) was significantly associated with a richer gut microbiota by alpha diversity. CONCLUSIONS: Human immunodeficiency virus-infected children have altered gut microbiota. Prolonged ART may restore the richness of the microbiota closer to that of HIV-uninfected children.
Item Type | Article |
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Faculty and Department | Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases > Dept of Clinical Research |
Research Centre |
?? XZIM ?? Centre for Maternal, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH) |
PubMed ID | 31549151 |
Elements ID | 137045 |
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