Research Centres (27481)

TB Centre (1647) Month Authors/Creators Item Type Full Text

August 2025

Genomic decoding of drug-resistant tuberculosis transmission in Thailand over three decades. (2025) Thawong, Naphatcha; Srilohasin, Prapaporn; Phelan, Jody E; Phornsiricharoenphant, Worawich; Tongsima, Sissades; Suriyaphol, Prapat; Prammananan, Therdsak; Faksri, Kiatichai; Sawaengdee, Waritta; Wang, Linfeng; Hinthong, Woranich; Hibberd, Martin L; Campino, Susana; Wattanapokayakit, Sukanya; Mahasirimongkol, Surakameth; Chaiprasert, Angkana; Clark, Taane G

July 2025

Engagement With Digital Adherence Technologies as Measures of Intervention Fidelity Among Adults With Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis and Health Care Providers: Descriptive Analysis Using Data From Cluster-Randomized Trials in Five Countries. (2025) Alacapa, Jason; Tadesse, Amare Worku; Deyanova, Natasha; Dube, Tanyaradzwa; Mganga, Andrew; Powers, Rachel; van Rest, Job; Madden, Norma; Efo, Egwuma; Charalambous, Salome; van Kalmthout, Kristian; Jerene, Degu; Fielding, Katherine

Adverse drug reactions, particularly liver disorders, drive interruptions in anti-tuberculosis treatment: A retrospective cohort study. (2025) Dixon, Eleanor G; Biraua, Evita; Brencsēns, Edvards; Pašuks, Vitālijs; Riekstina, Vija; Šperberga, Anete; Muckian, Marisa D; Dear, James W; Kuksa, Liga; Sloan, Derek J; Stagg, Helen R

A timeline of reckoning: Tracking the historical rise of antimicrobial resistance across HIV, TB, and malaria. (2025) Williamson, Tayla; Adderley, Jack; Quinn, Kylie; Clark, Taane G; Lewin, Sharon R; Doerig, Christian

Within-country heterogeneity in patterns of social contact relevant for tuberculosis infection transmission, prevention, and care. (2025) LeGrand, Kate E; Edwards, Anita; Mohlamonyane, Mbali; Dayi, Njabulo; Olivier, Stephen; Gareta, Dickman; Wood, Robin; Grant, Alison D; White, Richard G; Middelkoop, Keren; Khan, Palwasha; McCreesh, Nicky

Within-country heterogeneity in patterns of social contact relevant for tuberculosis infection transmission, prevention, and care. (2025) LeGrand, Kate; Edwards, Anita; Mohlamonyane, Mbali; Dayi, Njabulo; Olivier, Stephen; Gareta, Dickman; Wood, Robin; Grant, Alison; White, Richard; Middelkoop, Keren; Khan, Palwasha; McCreesh, Nicky

The potential impact of reductions in international donor funding on tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study. (2025) Clark, Rebecca A; McQuaid, C Finn; Richards, Alexandra S; Bakker, Roel; Sumner, Tom; Prŷs-Jones, Tomos O; Houben, Rein MGJ; White, Richard G; Horton, Katherine C

PPE50 variants as novel phylogeographic signatures of host-pathogen co-evolution in tuberculosis. (2025) D'Souza, Christopher; Phelan, Jody E; Gomez-Gonzalez, Paula-Josefina; Thorpe, Joseph; Clark, Taane G; Tsolaki, Anthony G

Implications of progressive lung damage and post-tuberculosis sequelae for the health benefits of prompt tuberculosis treatment in high HIV prevalence settings: a mathematical modelling analysis. (2025) Can, Melike Hazal; Sweeney, Sedona; Allwood, Brian W; Dorman, Susan E; Cohen, Ted; Menzies, Nicolas A

Temporal complexity in missed doses of rifampicin-sensitive anti-tuberculosis treatment: a prospective cohort study in Tanzania. (2025) Tuwabunze, Lilian; Msaji, Kassim Salim; Liyoyo, Alphonce; Paul, Proma; Mpagama, Stellah; Stagg, Helen R

Implications of reference equations for interpretation of spirometry in three African countries: a cross-sectional study. (2025) Banze, Denise; Calderwood, Claire J; Nhamuave, Celina; Marambire, Edson T; Mfinanga, Alfred; Larsson, Leyla; Malhotra, Akanksha Mimi; Minja, Lilian T; Ivanova, Olena; Zurba, Lindsay; Heinrich, Norbert; Ferrand, Rashida A; Fielding, Katherine; Kranzer, Katharina; Rachow, Andrea; Hurst, John R; Khosa, Celso

Effects of conditional cash transfers and pre-test and post-test tuberculosis counselling on patient outcomes and loss to follow-up across the continuum of care in South Africa: a randomised controlled trial. (2025) Ismail, Nazir; Moultrie, Harry; Mwansa-Kambafwile, Judith; Copas, Andrew; Izu, Alane; Moyo, Sizulu; Skinner, Donald; Ismail, Farzana; Gosce, Lara; Omar, Shaheed V; Abubakar, Ibrahim; Madhi, Shabir A

June 2025

Targeting de novo purine biosynthesis for tuberculosis treatment. (2025) Lamprecht, Dirk A; Wall, Richard J; Leemans, Annelies; Truebody, Barry; Sprangers, Joke; Fiogbe, Patricia; Davies, Cadi; Wetzel, Jennefer; Daems, Stijn; Pearson, William; Pillay, Vanessa; Saylock, Samantha; Ricketts, M Daniel; Davis, Ellie; Huff, Adam; Grell, Tsehai; Lin, Shiming; Gerber, Michelle; Vos, Ann; Dallow, John; Willcocks, Sam J; Roubert, Christine; Sans, Stéphanie; Desorme, Amandine; Chappat, Nicolas; Ray, Aurélie; Pereira Moraes, Mariana; Washington, Tracy; D'Erasmo, Hope; Sancheti, Pavankumar; Everaerts, Melissa; Monshouwer, Mario; Esquivias, Jorge; Larrouy-Maumus, Gerald; Draghia Akli, Ruxandra; Fletcher, Helen; Pym, Alexander S; Aldridge, Bree B; Sarathy, Jansy P; Clancy, Kathleen W; Stoops, Bart; Dhar, Neeraj; Steyn, Adrie JC; Jackson, Paul; Aguilar-Pérez, Clara; Koul, Anil

The delivery of new tuberculosis vaccines to people living with HIV - when to vaccinate? (2025) Sumner, Tom; Clark, Rebecca A; Prys-Jones, Tomos O; Bakker, Roel; Churchyard, Gavin; White, Richard G

Complete and draft genome sequences of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Philippines. (2025) Rojas, Saul M; Tujan, Ma Angelica A; Valencia, Angela Kae C; Capin, Jessel Babe G; Dizon, Timothy John R; Ama, Ma Cecilia G; Basilio, Ramon P; Lim, Dodge R; Reyes, Lorenzo T; Phelan, Jody; Campino, Susana; Clark, Taane G; De Los Reyes, Mari Rose A

Modelling the effect of a nutritional shock on tuberculosis in India. (2025) Clark, Rebecca A; Bakker, Roel; Alexander, Peter; Henry, Roslyn; White, Richard G; Sinha, Pranay; Houben, Rein MGJ; McQuaid, C Finn

Scaling-up symptom-agnostic, community-wide screening toward global tuberculosis elimination: opportunities, challenges, and lessons from history. (2025) Esmail, Hanif; Miller, Cecily; Falzon, Dennis; de Vries, Gerard; Chijioke-Akaniro, Obioma; Horton, Katherine C; Kohli, Mikashmi; Dharmapuri Vachaspathi, Tejaswini; Vo, Luan NQ; Zaidi, Syed MA; Squire, S Bertel; Coussens, Anna K; Houben, Rein MGJ

The unintended outcome: a retrospective cross-sectional study using a urine lateral flow assay to detect ART use reveals non-disclosure of taking ART in South Africa's public health system. (2025) Sithole, Nsika; Govender, Indira; Spinelli, Matthew; Smit, Theresa; Cibane, Siyabonga; Zwane, Mlungisi; Phakathi, Njabulo; Krows, Meighan; Nkosi, Busisiwe; Seeley, Janet; Barnabas, Ruanne V; Siedner, Mark J; Moshabela, Mosa; Celum, Connie; Grant, Alison; Gandhi, Monica; Shapiro, Adrienne E

May 2025

Sample size efficiency of restricting participation in tuberculosis vaccine trials to interferon-gamma release assay-positive participants. (2025) Cobelens, Frank; Pelzer, Puck T; Churchyard, Gavin J; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto; Hatherill, Mark; Hill, Philip C; Martinez, Leonardo; White, Richard G

Multimorbidity in tuberculosis (TB) and its impact on patient care (MITICare): a cross-sectional study nested within a prospective cohort study protocol. (2025) Hill, Katherine; Owori, Rogers; Naisanga, Molly; Owarwo, Noela; Mills, Sarah; Stagg, Helen R; Mpagama, Stellah; Sekaggya-Wiltshire, Christine; Sloan, Derek

Economic costing methodologies for drug-resistant bacterial infections in humans in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review. (2025) Masoambeta, Edward; Mkwanda, Charity; Ibrahim, Edna; Chizani, Kenneth; Chapuma, Chikondi; Dzanja, Priscilla; Mwinjiwa, Edson; Chanda, Raphael; Mpundu, Mirfin; Scudeller, Luigia; Kostyanev, Tomislav; Leonard, Finola; Malhotra-Kumar, Surbhi; Bozzani, Fiammetta; Umar, Eric; Mkakosya, Rajab; Morel, Chantal; Msefula, Chisomo; Chinkhumba, Jobiba

Risk of rifampicin resistance emergence after incomplete first-line tuberculosis treatment. (2025) Dupuis, Genevieve N; Dolynska, Mariia; Chiang, Silvia S; Horsburgh, C Robert; Stagg, Helen R; Rybak, Natasha R; Petrenko, Vasyl; Jenkins, Helen E

Mind the Clinic-Community Gap: Re-evaluation of Test Performance and False Positive Results in Community-Wide Tuberculosis Screening. (2025) Veeken, Lara D; Schwalb, Alvaro; Horton, Katherine C; Koesoemadinata, Raspati C; Alisjahbana, Bachti; van Crevel, Reinout; Houben, Rein MGJ

Sex differences in the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based immunoreactivity surveys. (2025) Rickman, Hannah M; Phiri, Mphatso D; Feasey, Helena RA; Krutikov, Maria; Shao, Hui; Horton, Katherine C; Dowdy, David W; Nightingale, Emily S; Dodd, Peter J; Corbett, Elizabeth L; MacPherson, Peter

Development of Carprofen analogues with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2025) Martin, Liam T; Daniel, Chris; Guldberg-Allen, Marcus; Navaratnarajah, Anushandan; Anselmi, Silvia; Burova, Tina-Maria D; Willcocks, Sam; Hailes, Helen C; Bhakta, Sanjib

Phagosomal RNA sensing through TLR8 controls susceptibility to tuberculosis. (2025) Maserumule, Charlotte; Passemar, Charlotte; Oh, Olivia SH; Hegyi, Kriztina; Brown, Karen; Weimann, Aaron; Dinan, Adam; Davila, Sonia; Klapholz, Catherine; Bryant, Josephine; Verma, Deepshikha; Gadwa, Jacob; Krishnananthasivam, Shivankari; Vongtongsalee, Kridakorn; Kendall, Edward; Trelles, Andres; Hibberd, Martin L; Sanz, Joaquín; Bertol, Jorge; Vázquez-Iniesta, Lucia; Andi, Kaliappan; Kumar, S Siva; Ordway, Diane; Prados-Rosales, Rafael; MacAry, Paul A; Floto, R Andres

A Prospective Evaluation of a Three-Gene Host Response Signature to Classify Tuberculosis Severity in Children. (2025) Sweetser, Brittney; Nkereuwem, Esin; Nakafeero, Jascent; Gomez, Marie; Wambi, Peter; Nsereko, Moses; Andama, Alfred; Ernst, Joel D; Cattamanchi, Adithya; Kampmann, Beate; Jaganath, Devan; Wobudeya, Eric

A roadmap for integrating nutritional assessment, counselling, and support into the care of people with tuberculosis. (2025) Sinha, Pranay; Bhargava, Madhavi; Carwile, Madeline E; Dauphinais, Madolyn R; Tisile, Phumeza; Cintron, Chelsie; Locks, Lindsey M; Hauser, Janika; Oliver, Matt; Heysell, Scott K; Mehta, Saurabh; Finkelstein, Julia L; Koura, Kobto G; Cegielski, J Peter; Houben, Rein MGJ; McQuaid, C Finn; Bhargava, Anurag

April 2025

Body mass index trajectories and association with tuberculosis risk in a cohort of household contacts in Southern Africa. (2025) Larsson, Leyla; Calderwood, Claire J; Marambire, Edson T; Held, Kathrin; Banze, Denise; Mfinanga, Alfred; Madziva, Karlos; Walsh, Phoebe; Jacob, Joseph; Fernandez, Francisco Trinchan; Lungu, Patrick; Mesic, Anita; Khosa, Celso; Minja, Lilian T; Mutsvangwa, Junior; Bhargava, Madhavi; Lauseker, Michael; Gupta, Rishi K; Heinrich, Norbert; Kranzer, Katharina

Performance of 2 Finger-Stick Blood Tests to Triage Adults With Symptoms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Prospective Multisite Diagnostic Accuracy Study. (2025) Sutherland, Jayne S; van der Spuy, Gian D; Shaw, Jane A; Richardson, Tracy; Tjon Kon Fat, Elisa M; Gindeh, Awa; Owolabi, Olumuyiwa; Thuong, Nguyen Thuy Thuong; Van, Le Hong; Van, Nguyen Hoang; Thao, Dang Thi Thanh; Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet; Nsereko, Mary; Namuganga, AnnRitah; Nalukwago, Sophie; Belisle, John; Moreau, Emmanuel; Penn-Nicholson, Adam; Thwaites, Guy; Winter, Jill; Dockrell, Hazel M; Scriba, Thomas J; Stanley, Kim; Smith, Bronwyn; Chegou, Novel N; Malherbe, Stephanus T; Geluk, Annemieke; Corstjens, Paul; Walzl, Gerhard; TrENDx-TB consortium picture_as_pdf

Impact of helminth co-infection and treatment on mycobacterial growth inhibition in UK migrants with TB infection. (2025) Anwar, S; Turienzo, CF; Tsang, L; Smith, SG; Fletcher, H; Toulza, F; Cliff, JM; Brown, M; Dockrell, HM

Food insecurity in South Indian households with TB during COVID-19 lockdowns and the impact of nutritional interventions: A qualitative study. (2025) Carwile, Madeline E; Jain, Komal; Dauphinais, Madolyn R; Narasimhan, Prakash Babu; Maloomian, Kimberly; Rajaram, Manju; Cintron, Chelsie; McQuaid, C Finn; Locks, Lindsey M; Sabin, Lora L; Lakshminarayanan, Subitha; Sinha, Pranay

Impact of increasing CD4 count threshold eligibility for antiretroviral therapy initiation on advanced HIV disease and tuberculosis prevalence and incidence in South Africa: an interrupted time series analysis. (2025) Asare, Kwabena; Lewis, Lara; van der Molen, Johan; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Khubone, Thokozani; Ngwenya, Thulani; Mkhize, Ntokozo Siyabonga; Lessells, Richard John; Naidoo, Kogieleum; Sosibo, Phelelani; Bottomley, Christian; Garrett, Nigel; Dorward, Jienchi

March 2025

Tuberculosis and the climate crisis in Latin America: a predicament of poverty, migration and displacement. (2025) Goscé, Lara; Pescarini, Julia M; Houben, Rein MGJ; McQuaid, Christopher Finn

The ahpC c-54t compensatory mutation is not always a valid surrogate for isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2025) Szél, Viktória; Phelan, Jody E; Georghiou, Sophia B; Dolinger, David L; Clark, Taane G; Niemann, Stefan; Lőrinczi, Lilla K; Köser, Claudio U

Helminth driven gut inflammation and microbial translocation associate with altered vaccine responses in rural Uganda. (2025) Nassuuna, Jacent; Sterk, Joas; Walusimbi, Bridgious; Natukunda, Agnes; Nkangi, Ronald; Amongin, Rebecca; Zirimenya, Ludoviko; Webb, Emily L; Elliott, Alison M; Nkurunungi, Gyaviira picture_as_pdf

Efficacy of BCG vaccination on incidence, severity and clinical progression of COVID-19: A BCG-REVAC population analysis. (2025) de Souza, Ramon Andrade; Barreto, Florisneide Rodrigues; de Jesus Lima, Carla Cristina Oliveira; da Natividade, Marcio Santos; de Souza Teles Santos, Carlos Antônio; Ichihara, Maria Yury; Pereira, Marcos; de Castro, Daniel Barros; Genser, Bernd; Rodrigues, Laura Cunha; Barreto, Maurício Lima; Pereira, Susan Martins picture_as_pdf

Urgent request for pretomanid label expansion to align with WHO guidelines and improve treatment accessibility and efficacy. (2025) Kuksa, L; Andrejak, C; Haecker, B; Bothamley, G; Calcagno, A; Cirillo, DM; Duarte, R; Fatima, R; Ferlazzo, G; Guglielmetti, L; Günther, G; Hewison, C; Horsburgh, CR; Jäger, T; Kalancha, Y; Otto-Knapp, R; Kranzer, K; Lillebaek, T; Marks, G; Middelkoop, K; Motta, I; Rabinova, V; Sommerfeld, P; Tattevin, P; Lange, C picture_as_pdf

Process Evaluation of Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trials of Digital Adherence Technologies for Tuberculosis Treatment Support: A Mixed-Method Study in Five Countries. (2025) Madden, Norma; Tadesse, Amare W; Leung, Chung Lam; Gonçalves Tasca, Bianca; Alacapa, Jason; Deyanova, Natasha; Ndlovu, Nontobeko; Mokone, Nontobeko; Onjare, Baraka; Mganga, Andrew; van Kalmthout, Kristian; Jerene, Degu; Fielding, Katherine

Estimating the epidemiological and economic impact of providing nutritional care for tuberculosis-affected households across India: a modelling study. (2025) McQuaid, Christopher Finn; Clark, Rebecca A; White, Richard G; Bakker, Roel; Alexander, Peter; Henry, Roslyn; Velayutham, Banurekha; Muniyandi, Malaisamy; Sinha, Pranay; Bhargava, Madhavi; Bhargava, Anurag; Houben, Rein MGJ

Clinical evaluation of computer-aided digital x-ray detection of pulmonary tuberculosis during community-based screening or active case-finding: a case-control study. (2025) Scott, Alex J; Perumal, Tahlia; Pooran, Anil; Oelofse, Suzette; Jaumdally, Shameem; Swanepoel, Jeremi; Gina, Phindile; Mthiyane, Thuli; Qin, Zhi Zhen; Fehr, Jana; Grant, Alison D; Wong, Emily B; van der Walt, Martie; Esmail, Aliasgar; Dheda, Keertan

Bacille Calmette-Guérin-specific IgG titres among infants born to mothers with active tuberculosis disease in Uganda. (2025) Sitenda, Diana; Ssekamatte, Phillip; Nakavuma, Rose; Kyazze, Andrew Peter; Bongomin, Felix; Baluku, Joseph Baruch; Nabatanzi, Rose; Kibirige, Davis; Wilkinson, Robert J; Nakimuli, Annettee; Cose, Stephen; Andia-Biraro, Irene picture_as_pdf

Primary efficacy endpoints in phase 3 non-inferiority trials to establish new tuberculosis treatment regimens should only include microbiological outcomes. (2025) Yates, Tom A; Grint, Daniel J picture_as_pdf

February 2025

Contextual factors influencing implementation of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies: a scoping review guided by the RE-AIM framework. (2025) Bahukudumbi, Shruti; Chilala, Chimweta I; Foster, Nicola; Patel, Barbie; Mohamed, Mona S; Zary, Miranda; Kafie, Cedric; Gore, Genevieve; Schwartzman, Kevin; Fielding, Katherine L; Subbaraman, Ramnath

Implementation outcomes of tuberculosis digital adherence technologies: a scoping review using the RE-AIM framework. (2025) Chilala, Chimweta I; Foster, Nicola; Bahukudumbi, Shruti; Mohamed, Mona Salaheldin; Zary, Miranda; Kafie, Cedric; Patel, Barbie; Gore, Genevieve; Schwartzman, Kevin; Subbaraman, Ramnath; Fielding, Katherine L

January 2025

24-week, all-oral regimens for pulmonary rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in TB-PRACTECAL trial sites: an economic evaluation. (2025) Sweeney, Sedona; Laurence, Yoko V; Berry, Catherine; Singh, Maninder Pal; Dodd, Matthew; Fielding, Katherine; Kazounis, Emil; Moodliar, Ronelle; Solodovnikova, Varvara; Tigay, Zinaida; Liverko, Irina; Parpieva, Nargiza; Butabekov, Ilhomjon; Usmanova, Ruzilya; Rassool, Mohammed; Motta, Ilaria; Nyangweso, George Mokua; Jolivet, Pascal; Abdrasuliev, Tleubergen; Moe, Soe; Aw, Pei Sun; Samieva, Nazgul; Nyang'wa, Bern-Thomas picture_as_pdf

A new method for detecting mixed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and reconstructing constituent strains provides insights into transmission. (2025) Sobkowiak, Benjamin; Cudahy, Patrick; Chitwood, Melanie H; Clark, Taane G; Colijn, Caroline; Grandjean, Louis; Walter, Katharine S; Crudu, Valeriu; Cohen, Ted

Distribution and transmission of M. tuberculosis in a high-HIV prevalence city in Malawi: A genomic and spatial analysis. (2025) Chitwood, Melanie H; Corbett, Elizabeth L; Ndhlovu, Victor; Sobkowiak, Benjamin; Colijn, Caroline; Andrews, Jason R; Burke, Rachael M; Cudahy, Patrick GT; Dodd, Peter J; Imai-Eaton, Jeffrey W; Engelthaler, David M; Folkerts, Megan; Feasey, Helena RA; Lan, Yu; Lewis, Jen; McNichol, Jennifer; Menzies, Nicolas A; Chipungu, Geoffrey; Nliwasa, Marriott; Weinberger, Daniel M; Warren, Joshua L; Salomon, Joshua A; MacPherson, Peter; Cohen, Ted

Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis. (2025) Kim, Sun; Can, Melike Hazal; Agizew, Tefera B; Auld, Andrew F; Balcells, Maria Elvira; Bjerrum, Stephanie; Dheda, Keertan; Dorman, Susan E; Esmail, Aliasgar; Fielding, Katherine; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L; Hanrahan, Colleen F; Kebede, Wakjira; Kohli, Mikashmi; Luetkemeyer, Anne F; Mita, Carol; Reeve, Byron WP; Silva, Denise Rossato; Sweeney, Sedona; Theron, Grant; Trajman, Anete; Vassall, Anna; Warren, Joshua L; Yotebieng, Marcel; Cohen, Ted; Menzies, Nicolas A

Prediction models for Mtb infection among adolescent and adult household contacts in high tuberculosis incidence settings. (2025) Marambire, Edson Tawanda; Calderwood, Claire J; Larsson, Leyla; Held, Kathrin; Khan, Palwasha; Banze, Denise; Nhamuave, Celina; Minja, Lillian T; Mfinanga, Alfred; Gupta, Rishi K; Khosa, Celso; Mutsvangwa, Junior; Heinrich, Norbert; Kranzer, Katharina

Clinical outcomes of participants of a TB prevalence survey with an abnormal chest X-ray but no evidence of TB disease after a median follow-up of 9 months in Zambia and South Africa. (2025) Ruperez, Maria; Busang, Jacob; Mureithi, Linda; Shanaube, Kwame; Klinkenberg, Eveline; Gachie, Thomas; Burnett, James M; Kosloff, Barry; de Haas, Petra; Hayes, Richard; Fidler, Sarah; Schaap, Ab; Floyd, Sian; Ayles, Helen; TREATS study team

2025

Temporal trends of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in adolescents: a longitudinal pilot study nested in a Uganda birth cohort [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]. (2025) Zirimenya, Ludoviko; Nassuuna, Jacent; Namutebi, Milly; Zziwa, Christopher; Serubanja, Joel; Nsubuga, Denis; Kiwudhu, Fred; Akello, Florence; Tumusiime, Josephine; Ninsiima, Caroline; Oduru, Gloria; Kabami, Grace; Akurut, Hellen; Nakyesige, Racheal; Kimuda, Simon; Wajja, Anne; Nkurunungi, Gyaviira; Serwanga, Jennifer; Doores, Katie J; Webb, Emily L; Elliott, Alison M