Imam, Abdulazeez; Gathara, David; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Maina, Michuki; English, Mike; (2022) Evaluating the effects of supplementing ward nurses on quality of newborn care in Kenyan neonatal units: protocol for a prospective workforce intervention study. BMC health services research, 22 (1). p. 1230. ISSN 1472-6963 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08597-9

Imam, Abdulazeez; Obiesie, Sopuruchukwu; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Maina, Jackson Michuki; Gathara, David; English, Mike; (2022) Identifying gaps in global evidence for nurse staffing and patient care outcomes research in low/middle-income countries: an umbrella review. BMJ Open, 12 (10). e064050-. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064050

Imam, Abdulazeez; Obiesie, Sopuruchukwu; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Maina, Michuki; Gathara, David; English, Mike; (2022) Nurse staffing and patient care outcomes: protocol for an umbrella review to identify evidence gaps for low and middle-income countries in global literature. Wellcome Open Research, 6. 363-. ISSN 2398-502X DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17430.2

Zhao, Yingxi; Mbuthia, Daniel; Blacklock, Claire; Gathara, David; Nicodemo, Catia; Molyneux, Sassy; English, Mike; (2022) How do foundation year and internship experience shape doctors' career intentions and decisions? A meta-ethnography. Medical Teacher, 45 (1). pp. 97-110. ISSN 0142-159X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2022.2106839

Zhao, Yingxi; Osano, Boniface; Were, Fred; Kiarie, Helen; Nicodemo, Catia; Gathara, David; English, Mike; (2022) Characterising Kenyan hospitals' suitability for medical officer internship training: a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 12 (5). e056426. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056426

English, Mike; Irimu, Grace; Akech, Samuel; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Ogero, Morris; Isaaka, Lynda; Malla, Lucas; Tuti, Timothy; Gathara, David; Oliwa, Jacquie; +1 more... Agweyu, Ambrose; (2021) Employing learning health system principles to advance research on severe neonatal and paediatric illness in Kenya. BMJ global health, 6 (3). e005300-e005300. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005300

Irimu, Grace; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Malla, Lucas; Omoke, Sylvia; Ogero, Morris; Mbevi, George; Waiyego, Mary; Mwangi, Caroline; Were, Fred; Gathara, David; +4 more... Agweyu, Ambrose; Akech, Samuel; English, Mike; Clinical Information Network authors; (2021) Neonatal mortality in Kenyan hospitals: a multisite, retrospective, cohort study. BMJ Global Health, 6 (5). e004475-e004475. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004475

Karumbi, Jamlick; Gorst, Sarah L; Gathara, David; Gargon, Elizabeth; Young, Bridget; Williamson, Paula R; (2021) Inclusion of participants from low-income and middle-income countries in core outcome sets development: a systematic review. BMJ Open, 11 (10). e049981-. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049981

Mbuthia, Daniel Waweru; McGivern, Gerry; English, Mike; Brownie, Sharon; Jackson, Debra; Gathara, David; Nzinga, Jacinta; (2021) Professional identity transitions, violations and reconciliations among new nurses in low- and middle-income countries. SSM - Qualitative Research in Health, 1. p. 100024. ISSN 2667-3215 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmqr.2021.100024

Nzinga, Jacinta; Jones, Caroline; Gathara, David; English, Mike; (2021) Value of stakeholder engagement in improving newborn care in Kenya: a qualitative description of perspectives and lessons learned. BMJ Open, 11 (6). e045123-. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045123

Omoke, Sylvia; English, Mike; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Gathara, David; Agweyu, Ambrose; Akech, Samuel; Clinical Information Network; (2021) Prevalence and fluid management of dehydration in children without diarrhoea admitted to Kenyan hospitals: a multisite observational study. BMJ Open, 11 (6). e042079-. ISSN 2044-6055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042079

Rao, Suman PN; Minckas, Nicole; Medvedev, Melissa M; Gathara, David; Y N, Prashantha; Seifu Estifanos, Abiy; Silitonga, Alfrida Camelia; Jadaun, Arun Singh; Adejuyigbe, Ebunoluwa A; Brotherton, Helen; +22 more... Arya, Sugandha; Gera, Rani; Ezeaka, Chinyere V; Gai, Abdou; Gobezayehu, Abebe Gebremariam; Dube, Queen; Kumar, Aarti; Naburi, Helga; Chiume, Msandeni; Tumukunde, Victor; Medhanyie, Araya Abrha; Plange-Rhule, Gyikua; Shabini, Josephine; Ohuma, Eric O; Tadele, Henok; W/Gebriel, Fitsum; Hadgu, Amanuel; Alamineh, Lamesgin; Mehta, Rajesh; Molyneux, Elizabeth; Lawn, Joy E; COVID-19 Small and Sick Newborn Care Collaborative Group; (2021) Small and sick newborn care during the COVID-19 pandemic: global survey and thematic analysis of healthcare providers' voices and experiences. BMJ Global Health, 6 (3). e004347-e004347. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004347

Vincent, Charles A; Mboga, Mwanamvua; Gathara, David; Were, Fred; Amalberti, Rene; English, Mike; (2021) How to do no harm: empowering local leaders to make care safer in low-resource settings. Archives of disease in childhood, 106 (4). pp. 333-337. ISSN 0003-9888 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-320631

Zhao, Yingxi; Hagel, Christiane; Tweheyo, Raymond; Sirili, Nathanael; Gathara, David; English, Mike; (2021) Task-sharing to support paediatric and child health service delivery in low- and middle-income countries: current practice and a scoping review of emerging opportunities. Human Resources for Health, 19 (1). 95-. ISSN 1478-4491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00637-5

Zhao, Yingxi; Musitia, Peris; Boga, Mwanamvua; Gathara, David; Nicodemo, Catia; English, Mike; (2021) Tools for measuring medical internship experience: a scoping review. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH, 19 (1). 10-. ISSN 1478-4491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00554-7

Arsenault, Catherine; English, Mike; Gathara, David; Malata, Address; Mandala, Wilson; Kruk, Margaret E; (2020) Variation in competent and respectful delivery care in Kenya and Malawi: a retrospective analysis of national facility surveys. TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH, 25 (4). pp. 442-453. ISSN 1360-2276 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13361

English, Mike; Gathara, David; Nzinga, Jacinta; Kumar, Pratap; Were, Fred; Warfa, Osman; Tallam-Kimaiyo, Edna; Nandili, Mary; Obengo, Alfred; Abuya, Nancy; +6 more... Jackson, Debra; Brownie, Sharon; Molyneux, Sassy; Jones, Caroline Olivia Holmes; Murphy, Georgina AV; McKnight, Jacob; (2020) Lessons from a Health Policy and Systems Research programme exploring the quality and coverage of newborn care in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 5 (1). e001937-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001937

English, Mike; Nzinga, Jacinta; Irimu, Grace; Gathara, David; Aluvaala, Jalemba; McKnight, Jacob; Wong, Geoffrey; Molyneux, Sassy; (2020) Programme theory and linked intervention strategy for large-scale change to improve hospital care in a low and middle-income country - A Study Pre-Protocol. Wellcome open research, 5. 265-. ISSN 2398-502X DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16379.2

Fitzgerald, Louise; Gathara, David; McKnight, Jacob; Nzinga, Jacinta; English, Mike; (2020) Are health care assistants part of the long-term solution to the nursing workforce deficit in Kenya? HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH, 18 (1). 79-. ISSN 1478-4491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00523-6

Gathara, David; Serem, George; Murphy, Georgina AV; Obengo, Alfred; Tallam, Edna; Jackson, Debra; Brownie, Sharon; English, Mike; (2020) Missed nursing care in newborn units: a cross-sectional direct observational study. BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY, 29 (1). pp. 19-30. ISSN 2044-5415 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009363

Gathara, David; Zosi, Mathias; Serem, George; Nzinga, Jacinta; Murphy, Georgina AV; Jackson, Debra; Brownie, Sharon; English, Mike; (2020) Developing metrics for nursing quality of care for low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review linked to stakeholder engagement. Human resources for health, 18 (1). 34-. ISSN 1478-4491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00470-2

Omondi, Gregory B; Murphy, Georgina AV; Jackson, Debra; Brownie, Sharon; English, Mike; Gathara, David; (2020) Informal task-sharing practices in inpatient newborn settings in a low-income setting-A task analysis approach. NURSING OPEN, 7 (3). pp. 869-878. ISSN 2054-1058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.463

Keene, Claire Marriott; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Murphy, Georgina AV; Abuya, Nancy; Gathara, David; English, Mike; (2019) Developing recommendations for neonatal inpatient care service categories: reflections from the research, policy and practice interface in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 4 (2). e001195-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001195

Macpherson, Liana; Ogero, Morris; Akech, Samuel; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Gathara, David; Irimu, Grace; English, Mike; Agweyu, Ambrose; (2019) Risk factors for death among children aged 5-14 years hospitalised with pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 4 (5). e001715-. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001715

Murphy, Georgina AV; Gathara, David; Mwaniki, Ann; Nabea, Grace; Mwachiro, Jacintah; Abuya, Nancy; English, Mike; (2019) Nursing knowledge of essential maternal and newborn care in a high-mortality urban African setting: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, 28 (5-6). pp. 882-893. ISSN 0962-1067 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14695

Oliwa, Jacquie Narotso; Gathara, David; Ogero, Morris; van Hensbroek, Michaël Boele; English, Mike; Van't Hoog, Anja; Clinical Information Network; (2019) Diagnostic practices and estimated burden of tuberculosis among children admitted to 13 government hospitals in Kenya: An analysis of two years' routine clinical data. PLOS ONE, 14 (9). e0221145-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221145

Tsiachristas, Apostolos; Gathara, David; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Chege, Timothy; Barasa, Edwine; English, Mike; (2019) Effective coverage and budget implications of skill-mix change to improve neonatal nursing care: an explorative simulation study in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 4 (6). e001817-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001817

Akech, Samuel; Ayieko, Philip; Gathara, David; Agweyu, Ambrose; Irimu, Grace; Stepniewska, Kasia; English, Mike; Clinical Information Network authors; (2018) Risk factors for mortality and effect of correct fluid prescription in children with diarrhoea and dehydration without severe acute malnutrition admitted to Kenyan hospitals: an observational, association study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2 (7). pp. 516-524. ISSN 2352-4642 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30130-5

English, Mike; Mwaniki, Paul; Julius, Thomas; Chepkirui, Mercy; Gathara, David; Ouma, Paul O; Cherutich, Peter; Okiro, Emelda A; Snow, Robert W; (2018) Hospital Mortality - a neglected but rich source of information supporting the transition to higher quality health systems in low and middle income countries. BMC MEDICINE, 16 (1). 32-. ISSN 1741-7015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1024-8

Irimu, Grace; Ogero, Morris; Mbevi, George; Kariuki, Celia; Gathara, David; Akech, Samuel; Barasa, Edwine; Tsofa, Benjamin; English, Mike; (2018) Tackling health professionals' strikes: an essential part of health system strengthening in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 3 (6). e001136-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001136

Murphy, Georgina AV; Gathara, David; Abuya, Nancy; Mwachiro, Jacintah; Ochola, Sam; Ayisi, Robert; English, Mike; Health Services that Deliver for Newborns Expert Group; (2018) What capacity exists to provide essential inpatient care to small and sick newborns in a high mortality urban setting? - A cross-sectional study in Nairobi City County, Kenya. PLOS ONE, 13 (4). e0196585-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196585

Murphy, Georgina AV; Gathara, David; Mwachiro, Jacintah; Abuya, Nancy; Aluvaala, Jalemba; English, Mike; Health Services that Deliver for Newborns Expert Group; (2018) Effective coverage of essential inpatient care for small and sick newborns in a high mortality urban setting: a cross-sectional study in Nairobi City County, Kenya. BMC MEDICINE, 16 (1). 72-. ISSN 1741-7015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1056-0

Murphy, Georgina AV; Omondi, Gregory B; Gathara, David; Abuya, Nancy; Mwachiro, Jacintah; Kuria, Rose; Tallam-Kimaiyo, Edna; English, Mike; (2018) Expectations for nursing care in newborn units in Kenya: moving from implicit to explicit standards. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 3 (2). e000645-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000645

Oliwa, JN; Maina, J; Ayieko, P; Gathara, D; Kathure, IA; Masini, E; Van't Hoog, AH; van Hensbroek, MB; English, M; (2018) Variability in distribution and use of tuberculosis diagnostic tests in Kenya: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18 (1). 328-. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3237-z

Omondi, Gregory B; Serem, George; Abuya, Nancy; Gathara, David; Stanton, Neville A; Agedo, Dorothy; English, Mike; Murphy, Georgina AV; (2018) Neonatal nasogastric tube feeding in a low-resource African setting - using ergonomics methods to explore quality and safety issues in task sharing. BMC NURSING, 17 (1). 46-. ISSN 1472-6955 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-018-0314-y

Agweyu, Ambrose; Oliwa, Jacquie; Gathara, David; Muinga, Naomi; Allen, Elizabeth; Lilford, Richard J; English, Mike; (2017) Comparable outcomes among trial and nontrial participants in a clinical trial of antibiotics for childhood pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 94. pp. 1-7. ISSN 0895-4356 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.10.016

Gachau, Susan; Ayieko, Philip; Gathara, David; Mwaniki, Paul; Ogero, Morris; Akech, Samuel; Maina, Michuki; Agweyu, Ambrose; Oliwa, Jacquie; Oliwa, Jacqiue; +6 more... Julius, Thomas; Malla, Lucas; Wafula, James; Mbevi, George; Irimu, Grace; English, Mike; (2017) Does audit and feedback improve the adoption of recommended practices? Evidence from a longitudinal observational study of an emerging clinical network in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 2 (4). e000468-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000468

Gathara, David; Malla, Lucas; Ayieko, Philip; Karuri, Stella; Nyamai, Rachel; Irimu, Grace; van Hensbroek, Michael Boele; Allen, Elizabeth; English, Mike; Clinical Information Network; (2017) Variation in and risk factors for paediatric inpatient all-cause mortality in a low income setting: data from an emerging clinical information network. BMC pediatrics, 17 (1). 99-. ISSN 1471-2431 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-017-0850-8

Murphy, Georgina AV; Nyakangi, Vivian N; Gathara, David; Ogero, Morris; English, Mike; Clinical Information Network; (2017) A hidden burden of neonatal illness? A cross-sectional study of all admissions aged less than one month across twelve Kenyan County hospitals. Wellcome open research, 2. 119-. ISSN 2398-502X DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.13312.2

Murphy, Georgina AV; Waters, Donald; Ouma, Paul O; Gathara, David; Shepperd, Sasha; Snow, Robert W; English, Mike; (2017) Estimating the need for inpatient neonatal services: an iterative approach employing evidence and expert consensus to guide local policy in Kenya. BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH, 2 (4). e000472-. ISSN 2059-7908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000472

English, Mike; Irimu, Grace; Agweyu, Ambrose; Gathara, David; Oliwa, Jacquie; Ayieko, Philip; Were, Fred; Paton, Chris; Tunis, Sean; Forrest, Christopher B; (2016) Building Learning Health Systems to Accelerate Research and Improve Outcomes of Clinical Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. PLOS MEDICINE, 13 (4). e1001991-. ISSN 1549-1676 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001991

Gathara, David; English, Mike; van Hensbroek, Michael Boele; Todd, Jim; Allen, Elizabeth; (2015) Exploring sources of variability in adherence to guidelines across hospitals in low-income settings: a multi-level analysis of a cross-sectional survey of 22 hospitals. Implementation science, 10 (1). 60-. ISSN 1748-5908 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-015-0245-x

Gathara, David; Nyamai, Rachael; Were, Fred; Mogoa, Wycliffe; Karumbi, Jamlick; Kihuba, Elesban; Mwinga, Stephen; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Mulaku, Mercy; Kosgei, Rose; +4 more... Todd, Jim; Allen, Elizabeth; English, Mike; SIRCLE/Ministry of Health Hospital Survey Group; (2015) Moving towards routine evaluation of quality of inpatient pediatric care in Kenya. PloS one, 10 (3). e0117048-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117048

Agweyu, Ambrose; Gathara, David; Oliwa, Jacquie; Muinga, Naomi; Edwards, Tansy; Allen, Elizabeth; Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth; English, Mike; Severe Pneumonia Study Group; (2014) Oral amoxicillin versus benzyl penicillin for severe pneumonia among kenyan children: a pragmatic randomized controlled noninferiority trial. Clinical infectious diseases, 60 (8). pp. 1216-1224. ISSN 1058-4838 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciu1166

Aluvaala, Jalemba; Nyamai, Rachael; Were, Fred; Wasunna, Aggrey; Kosgei, Rose; Karumbi, Jamlick; Gathara, David; English, Mike; SIRCLE/Ministry of Health Hospital Survey Group; (2014) Assessment of neonatal care in clinical training facilities in Kenya. Archives of disease in childhood, 100 (1). pp. 42-47. ISSN 0003-9888 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306423

English, Mike; Gathara, David; Mwinga, Stephen; Ayieko, Philip; Opondo, Charles; Aluvaala, Jalemba; Kihuba, Elesban; Mwaniki, Paul; Were, Fred; Irimu, Grace; +3 more... Wasunna, Aggrey; Mogoa, Wycliffe; Nyamai, Rachel; (2014) Adoption of recommended practices and basic technologies in a low-income setting. Archives of disease in childhood, 99 (5). pp. 452-456. ISSN 0003-9888 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-305561

Irimu, Grace W; Greene, Alexandra; Gathara, David; Kihara, Harrison; Maina, Christopher; Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy; Zurovac, Dejan; Santau, Migiro; Todd, Jim; English, Mike; (2014) Explaining the uptake of paediatric guidelines in a Kenyan tertiary hospital--mixed methods research. BMC health services research, 14 (1). 119-. ISSN 1472-6963 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-14-119

Kihara, A-B; Harries, AD; Bissell, K; Kizito, W; Van Den Berg, R; Mueke, S; Mwangi, A; Sitene, JC; Gathara, D; Kosgei, RJ; +2 more... Kiarie, J; Gichangi, P; (2014) Antenatal care and pregnancy outcomes in a safe motherhood health voucher system in rural Kenya, 2007-2013. Public health action, 5 (1). pp. 23-29. ISSN 2220-8372 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.14.0070

Gathara, David; Irimu, Grace; Kihara, Harrison; Maina, Christopher; Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy; Mwangi, Julius; Allen, Elizabeth; English, Mike; (2013) Hospital outcomes for paediatric pneumonia and diarrhoea patients admitted in a tertiary hospital on weekdays versus weekends: a retrospective study. BMC pediatrics, 13 (1). 74-. ISSN 1471-2431 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-74

Gathara, David; Opiyo, Newton; Wagai, John; Ntoburi, Stephen; Ayieko, Philip; Opondo, Charles; Wamae, Annah; Migiro, Santau; Mogoa, Wycliffe; Wasunna, Aggrey; +3 more... Were, Fred; Irimu, Grace; English, Mike; (2011) Quality of hospital care for sick newborns and severely malnourished children in Kenya: a two-year descriptive study in 8 hospitals. BMC health services research, 11 (1). 307-. ISSN 1472-6963 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-307