Amornkul, Pauli N; Vandenhoudt, Hilde; Nasokho, Peter; Odhiambo, Frank; Mwaengo, Dufton; Hightower, Allen; Buvé, Anne; Misore, Ambrose; Vulule, John; Vitek, Charles; +4 more... Glynn, Judith; Greenberg, Alan; Slutsker, Laurence; De Cock, Kevin M; (2009) HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among individuals aged 13-34 years in Rural Western Kenya. PloS one, 4 (7). e6470-. ISSN 1932-6203 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006470
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To estimate HIV prevalence and characterize risk factors among young adults in Asembo, rural western Kenya. DESIGN: Community-based cross-sectional survey. METHODS: From a demographic surveillance system, we selected a random sample of residents aged 13-34 years, who were contacted at home and invited to a nearby mobile study site. Consent procedures for non-emancipated minors required assent and parental consent. From October 2003 - April 2004, consenting participants were interviewed on risk behavior and tested for HIV and HSV-2. HIV voluntary counseling and testing was offered. RESULTS: Of 2606 eligible residents, 1822 (70%) enrolled. Primary reasons for refusal included not wanting blood taken, not wanting to learn HIV status, and partner/parental objection. Females comprised 53% of 1762 participants providing blood. Adjusted HIV prevalence was 15.4% overall: 20.5% among females and 10.2% among males. HIV prevalence was highest in women aged 25-29 years (36.5%) and men aged 30-34 years (41.1%). HSV-2 prevalence was 40.0% overall: 53% among females, 25.8% among males. In multivariate models stratified by gender and marital status, HIV infection was strongly associated with age, higher number of sex partners, widowhood, and HSV-2 seropositivity. CONCLUSIONS: Asembo has extremely high HIV and HSV-2 prevalence, and probable high incidence, among young adults. Further research on circumstances around HIV acquisition in young women and novel prevention strategies (vaccines, microbicides, pre-exposure prophylaxis, HSV-2 prevention, etc.) are urgently needed.
Item Type | Article |
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Faculty and Department | Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health > Dept of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (-2023) |
PubMed ID | 19649242 |
ISI | 268637600018 |
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