Health, wealth, or equity? Trade-offs from households’ allocative decisions

Helen Harris-Fry ORCID logo ; Mario Cortina-Borja ORCID logo ; (2025) Health, wealth, or equity? Trade-offs from households’ allocative decisions. Journal of Development Economics, 177. p. 103560. ISSN 0304-3878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103560 (In Press)
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Households’ allocative decisions have potentially large implications for the health and welfare of their members. We analyze a dataset of rural Bangladeshi households to estimate: (i) a benchmark level of nutritional adequacy that households could afford by selecting different foods and reallocating them among members, and (ii) the associated trade-offs in terms of income and equity preferences. Using a novel set of non-linear health production functions, we show that households can afford adequate diets that meet the clinical needs of nearly all nutrients. Micronutrient adequacy is primarily achieved by changing household-level food choices, while caloric adequacy depends more on intra-household food allocation. We further show that households do not face a clear health-income trade-off. Instead, we find a degree of inequality aversion (for energy) and inequality preference (for micronutrients) that leads to intra-household allocations that are not fully efficient from the perspective of the production of health.

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