Risk of rifampicin resistance emergence after incomplete first-line tuberculosis treatment
; Chiang, SS; Horsburgh, CR; Stagg, HR; Rybak, NR; Petrenko, V; Jenkins, HE and
(2025)
Risk of rifampicin resistance emergence after incomplete first-line tuberculosis treatment.
European respiratory journal, 66 (1).
p. 2500902.
ISSN 0903-1936
DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00902-2025
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is lengthy and causes side-effects, making treatment completion challenging. Some patients are “lost to follow-up” (LTFU) before completing treatment. Patients sometimes subsequently return to care if symptoms motivate them, or if health systems and/or personal issues that caused LTFU are resolved. Case–control studies have established that drug-susceptible TB treatment and incomplete adherence were risk factors for relapse with drug-resistant TB, but its frequency and the lengths of incomplete treatment that pose the greatest risk are unknown [1, 2]. We aimed to estimate the risk of recurrent TB, and specifically rifampicin-resistant TB (RIF-R), after rifampicin-susceptible TB (RS-TB) treatment and how these risks vary depending on previous RS-TB treatment length.
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