How should a cluster randomized trial be analyzed?

Billot, L; Copas, A; Leyrat, CORCID logo; Forbes, A; Turner, EL and (2024) How should a cluster randomized trial be analyzed? Journal of epidemiology and population health, 72 (1). 202196-. ISSN 2950-4333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeph.2024.202196
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In cluster randomized trials, individuals from the same cluster tend to have more similar outcomes than individuals from different clusters. This correlation must be taken into account in the analysis of every cluster trial to avoid incorrect inferences. In this paper, we describe the principles guiding the analysis of cluster trials including how to correctly account for intra-cluster correlations as well as how to analyze more advanced designs such as stepped-wedge and cluster cross-over trials. We then describe how to handle specific issues such as small sample sizes and missing data.


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This is an author accepted manuscript version of an article accepted for publication, and following peer review. Please be aware that minor differences may exist between this version and the final version if you wish to cite from it.
Available under Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0

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