TransOdara study: the challenge of integrating methods, settings and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

Maria Amelia de Sousa Mascena Veras ORCID logo ; Thiago Felix Pinheiro ORCID logo ; Lenice Galan ORCID logo ; Laio Magno ORCID logo ; Andréa Fachel Leal ORCID logo ; Daniela Riva Knauth ORCID logo ; Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro ORCID logo ; Rita Suely Bacuri de Queiroz ORCID logo ; Philippe Mayaud ORCID logo ; Daniel Jason McCartney ORCID logo ; +9 more... Gwenda Hughes ORCID logo ; Camila Mattos Dos Santos ORCID logo ; Leonardo Bastos ORCID logo ; Katia Cristina Bassichetto ORCID logo ; Sandro Sperandei ORCID logo ; Claudia Renata Dos Santos Barros ORCID logo ; Rodrigo Calado da Silva ORCID logo ; Francisco Inácio Bastos ORCID logo ; Maria Inês Costa Dourado ORCID logo ; (2024) TransOdara study: the challenge of integrating methods, settings and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia, 27Supp (Suppl). e240002.supl.1-. ISSN 1415-790X DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720240002.supl.1
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OBJECTIVE: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) disproportionately affect transgender women and travestis (TGW), who often lack access to healthcare due to stigma and discrimination. We describe the approach and methodology of a study investigating the prevalence of syphilis, HIV, hepatitis A, B, and C, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and human papillomavirus (HPV) among TGW, as well as their knowledge and perceptions regarding syphilis, to better inform policies to curb STIs among this vulnerable population. METHODS: TransOdara was a multicentric, cross-sectional study conducted among TGW in five capital cities from major Brazilian regions between December 2019 and July 2021. Self-identified transgender women and travestis aged >18 years were recruited using respondent-driven sampling after a qualitative formative phase, completed an interviewer-led questionnaire, were offered a physical examination, and were also asked to provide samples from multiple sites to detect various STIs, starting vaccination and treatment when indicated. RESULTS: A total of 1,317 participants were recruited from the five study locations: Campo Grande (n=181, 13.7%), Manaus (n=340, 25.8%), Porto Alegre (n=192, 14.6%), Salvador (n=201, 15.3%), and São Paulo (n=403, 30.6%). The recruitment period varied at each study location due to logistic constraints imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: Despite the enormous challenges posed by the co-occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic and field work targeting a vulnerable, elusive, and scattered population, the TransOdara project has been effectively implemented. Caveats did not preclude 1,300 TGW from being interviewed and tested, amid a significant epidemic that disrupted health services and research projects in Brazil and worldwide.


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