Mensah, Anna A; Lacy, Joanne; Stowe, Julia; Seghezzo, Giulia; Sachdeva, Ruchira; Simmons, Ruth; Bukasa, Antoaneta; O'Boyle, Shennae; Andrews, Nick; Ramsay, Mary; +2 more... Campbell, Helen; Brown, Kevin; (2022) Disease severity during SARS-COV-2 reinfection: a nationwide study. The Journal of infection, 84 (4). pp. 542-550. ISSN 0163-4453 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2022.01.012
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to look at the burden of disease caused by SARS-COV-2 reinfections and identified potential risk factors for disease severity. METHODS: We used national surveillance data to collect information on all SARS-CoV-2 primary infection and suspected reinfection cases between January 2020 until early May 2021. Reinfection cases were positive COVID-19 PCR or antigen test, 90 days after their first COVID-19 positive test. We collected information on case demographics, hospital and ICU admission, immunisation status and if individuals were at risk of complication for COVID-19. RESULTS: Deaths reported within 28 days of testing positive were 61% (95% confidence interval: 56% to 65%) lower in suspected COVID-19 reinfection than primary infection cases. In the unvaccinated cohort, reinfections were associated with 49% (37% to 58%) lower odds of hospital admission in cases aged 50 to 65 years in the population not identified at risk of complication for COVID-19, and 34% (17% to 48%) in those at risk. ICU admission at reinfection compared to primary infection decreased 76% (55% to 87%). Individuals at risk and those aged below 50 years, who received at least 1 dose of vaccine against COVID-19, were 62% (39% to 74%) and 58% (24% to 77%) less likely to get admitted to hospital at reinfection, respectively. CONCLUSION: Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with lower odds of dying, and both prior infection and immunisation showed a protective effect against severe disease in selected populations. Older age, sex and underlying comorbidities appeared as principal risk factors for illness severity at reinfection. FUNDING: PHE/UKHSA.
Item Type | Article |
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Faculty and Department | Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health > Dept of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology |
PubMed ID | 35085659 |
Elements ID | 226984 |
Official URL | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2022.01.012 |
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Filename: Mensah-etal-2022-Disease-severity-during-SARS-COV-2-reinfection.pdf
Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0
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