Colston, Josh M; Zaitchik, Benjamin F; Badr, Hamada S; Burnett, Eleanor; Ali, Syed Asad; Rayamajhi, Ajit; Satter, Syed M; Eibach, Daniel; Krumkamp, Ralf; May, Jürgen; +37 more... Chilengi, Roma; Howard, Leigh M; Sow, Samba O; Jahangir Hossain, M; Saha, Debasish; Imran Nisar, M; Zaidi, Anita KM; Kanungo, Suman; Mandomando, Inácio; Faruque, Abu SG; Kotloff, Karen L; Levine, Myron M; Breiman, Robert F; Omore, Richard; Page, Nicola; Platts‐Mills, James A; Ashorn, Ulla; Fan, Yue‐Mei; Shrestha, Prakash Sunder; Ahmed, Tahmeed; Mduma, Estomih; Yori, Pablo Penatero; Bhutta, Zulfiqar; Bessong, Pascal; Olortegui, Maribel P; Lima, Aldo AM; Kang, Gagandeep; Humphrey, Jean; Prendergast, Andrew J; Ntozini, Robert; Okada, Kazuhisa; Wongboot, Warawan; Gaensbauer, James; Melgar, Mario T; Pelkonen, Tuula; Freitas, Cesar Mavacala; Kosek, Margaret N; (2022) Associations Between Eight Earth Observation‐Derived Climate Variables and Enteropathogen Infection: An Independent Participant Data Meta‐Analysis of Surveillance Studies With Broad Spectrum Nucleic Acid Diagnostics. GeoHealth, 6 (1). ISSN 2471-1403 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gh000452
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Abstract
Abstract Diarrheal disease, still a major cause of childhood illness, is caused by numerous, diverse infectious microorganisms, which are differentially sensitive to environmental conditions. Enteropathogen‐specific impacts of climate remain underexplored. Results from 15 studies that diagnosed enteropathogens in 64,788 stool samples from 20,760 children in 19 countries were combined. Infection status for 10 common enteropathogens—adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, Campylobacter, ETEC, Shigella, Cryptosporidium and Giardia—was matched by date with hydrometeorological variables from a global Earth observation dataset—precipitation and runoff volume, humidity, soil moisture, solar radiation, air pressure, temperature, and wind speed. Models were fitted for each pathogen, accounting for lags, nonlinearity, confounders, and threshold effects. Different variables showed complex, non‐linear associations with infection risk varying in magnitude and direction depending on pathogen species. Rotavirus infection decreased markedly following increasing 7‐day average temperatures—a relative risk of 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.69–0.85) above 28°C—while ETEC risk increased by almost half, 1.43 (1.36–1.50), in the 20–35°C range. Risk for all pathogens was highest following soil moistures in the upper range. Humidity was associated with increases in bacterial infections and decreases in most viral infections. Several virus species' risk increased following lower‐than‐average rainfall, while rotavirus and ETEC increased with heavier runoff. Temperature, soil moisture, and humidity are particularly influential parameters across all enteropathogens, likely impacting pathogen survival outside the host. Precipitation and runoff have divergent associations with different enteric viruses. These effects may engender shifts in the relative burden of diarrhea‐causing agents as the global climate changes.
Item Type | Article |
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Faculty and Department | MRC Gambia > GM-West African Initiative |
Elements ID | 217441 |
Official URL | http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2021gh000452 |
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Filename: Colston-etal-2021-Associations-between-eight-earth-observation-derived-climate-variables-and-enteropathogen-infection.pdf
Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0
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