Kositz, CH; (2023) Investigating the Effects of Ivermectin plus Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine MDA on Malaria Transmission by Measuring Serological Markers of Exposure and its Effects on the Prevalence of Ectoparasites and Soil-Transmitted Helminths. PhD thesis, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17037/PUBS.04671860
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Abstract
The goal of eliminating malaria is constantly facing challenges by adaptations of both the vector and parasite. Ivermectin, a broad-acting endectocide against several nonvertebral species, is a promising additional tool for malaria control. However, large-scale studies on the effects of ivermectin for this purpose were still missing, and the MASSIV trial in Eastern Gambia was the first to evaluate its value along with mass drug administration (MDA) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. My project was nested within the MASSIV trial, and I was investigating several on and off target effects of ivermectin and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine MDA. Firstly, I evaluated the ability of the Luminex MagPix© platform to detect changes in malaria antibodies. Furthermore, I evaluated this system as a first step to using it as a tool for the surveillance of malaria transmission using serology and to establish it in The Gambia as an ongoing surveillance method for future projects in The Gambia and West Africa. Secondly, I was investigating the effects of ivermectin on non-malaria targets, specifically ectoparasites, including scabies, headlice, bedbugs, and soil-transmitted helminths. For these, prevalence data in the study area and The Gambia were lacking. Therefore, I conducted a survey before and after MDA and two years after MDA to examine its effect between the study arms. Ectoparasites were examined with clinical/physical examinations. For soil-transmitted helminths, qualitative PCR was performed on a single stool sample to detect soil-transmitted helminths (Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Trichuris trichiura and Strongyloides stercoralis). Lastly, I used the collected data on MDA coverage from the MASSIV trial to look at potential reasons for reduced coverage, such as systematic non-compliance and what factors can be attributed to non-participation or not receiving the MDA. The overall objective was to demonstrate that, in addition to its effect on malaria, ivermectin would decrease the burden of several other parasites, therefore improving health and quality of life on a broader scale.
Item Type | Thesis |
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Thesis Type | Doctoral |
Thesis Name | PhD |
Contributors | Marks, M and Bradley, J |
Faculty and Department | Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases > Dept of Clinical Research |
Funder Name | Wellcome Trust |
Grant number | 217357/Z/19/Z |
Copyright Holders | Christian Kositz |
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Filename: 2023_ITD_PhD_Kositz_CH-Copy.pdf
Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0
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