SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Cases in a Household-Based Prospective Cohort in Rio de Janeiro.

Penetra, Stephanie LS; Santos, Heloisa FP; Resende, Paola Cristina; Bastos, Leonardo Soares; da Silva, Michele FB; Pina-Costa, Anielle; Lopes, Renata Serrano; Saboia-Vahia, Leonardo; de Oliveira, Any Caroline Alves; Pereira, Elisa Cavalcante; +12 more... Filho, Fernando Medeiros; Wakimoto, Mayumi D; Calvet, Guilherme A; Fuller, Trevon L; Whitworth, Jimmy; Smith, Christopher; Nielsen-Saines, Karin; Carvalho, Marilia Sá; Espíndola, Otávio M; Guaraldo, Lusiele; Siqueira, Marilda M; Brasil, Patricia; (2023) SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Cases in a Household-Based Prospective Cohort in Rio de Janeiro. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 228 (12). pp. 1680-1689. ISSN 0022-1899 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad336

Abstract

This was a household-based prospective cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, in which people with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their household contacts were followed from April 2020 through June 2022. Ninety-eight reinfections were identified, with 71 (72.5%) confirmed by genomic analyses and lineage definition in both infections. During the pre-Omicron period, 1 dose of any COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a reduced risk of reinfection, but during the Omicron period not even booster vaccines had this effect. Most reinfections were asymptomatic or milder in comparison with primary infections, a justification for continuing active surveillance to detect infections in vaccinated individuals. Our findings demonstrated that vaccination may not prevent infection or reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2). Therefore we highlight the need to continuously update the antigenic target of SARS CoV-2 vaccines and administer booster doses to the population regularly, a strategy well established in the development of vaccines for influenza immunization programs.

Additional Information

Item Type	Article
Faculty and Department	Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health > Dept of Infectious Disease Epidemiology (-2023) Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases > Dept of Clinical Research
Research Centre	Covid-19 Research
PubMed ID	37571849
Elements ID	207792
Official URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad336

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