Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records.
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Dylan M
Williams
;
Alex J
Walker
;
Ruth E
Mitchell
;
Claire L
Niedzwiedz
;
Tiffany C
Yang
;
Charlotte F
Huggins
;
Alex SF
Kwong
;
Richard J
Silverwood
;
Giorgio
Di Gessa
;
+22 more...
Ruth CE
Bowyer
;
Kate
Northstone
;
Bo
Hou
;
Michael J
Green
;
Brian
Dodgeon
;
Katie J
Doores
;
Emma L
Duncan
;
Frances MK
Williams
;
OpenSAFELY Collaborative
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Andrew
Steptoe
;
David J
Porteous
;
Rosemary RC
McEachan
;
Laurie
Tomlinson
;
Ben
Goldacre
;
Praveetha
Patalay
;
George B
Ploubidis
;
Srinivasa Vittal
Katikireddi
;
Kate
Tilling
;
Christopher T
Rentsch
;
Nicholas J
Timpson
;
Nishi
Chaturvedi
;
Claire J
Steves
;
(2022)
Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records.
Nature Communications, 13 (1).
3528-.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0
The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.
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