Politicization of COVID-19 health-protective behaviors in the United States: Longitudinal and cross-national evidence.
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Georgios
Abakoumkin
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Edward P
Lemay
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William M
Schiavone
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Maximilian
Agostini
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Jocelyn J
Bélanger
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Ben
Gützkow
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Jannis
Kreienkamp
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Anne Margit
Reitsema
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Jamilah Hanum
Abdul Khaiyom
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Vjolica
Ahmedi
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Handan
Akkas
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Carlos A
Almenara
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Mohsin
Atta
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Sabahat Cigdem
Bagci
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Sima
Basel
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Edona
Berisha Kida
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Allan BI
Bernardo
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Nicholas R
Buttrick
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Phatthanakit
Chobthamkit
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Hoon-Seok
Choi
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Mioara
Cristea
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Sára
Csaba
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Kaja
Damnjanović
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Ivan
Danyliuk
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Arobindu
Dash
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Daniela
Di Santo
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Karen M
Douglas
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Violeta
Enea
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Daiane Gracieli
Faller
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Gavan
Fitzsimons
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Alexandra
Gheorghiu
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Ángel
Gómez
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Ali
Hamaidia
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Qing
Han
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Mai
Helmy
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Joevarian
Hudiyana
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Bertus F
Jeronimus
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Ding-Yu
Jiang
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Veljko
Jovanović
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Željka
Kamenov
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Anna
Kende
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Shian-Ling
Keng
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Tra Thi Thanh
Kieu
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Yasin
Koc
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Kamila
Kovyazina
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Inna
Kozytska
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Joshua
Krause
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Arie W
Kruglanksi
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Anton
Kurapov
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Maja
Kutlaca
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Nóra Anna
Lantos
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Cokorda Bagus Jaya
Lemsmana
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Winnifred R
Louis
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Adrian
Lueders
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Najma Iqbal
Malik
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Anton
Martinez
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Kira O
McCabe
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Jasmina
Mehulić
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Mirra Noor
Milla
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Idris
Mohammed
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Erica
Molinario
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Manuel
Moyano
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Hayat
Muhammad
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Silvana
Mula
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Hamdi
Muluk
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Solomiia
Myroniuk
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Reza
Najafi
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Claudia F
Nisa
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Boglárka
Nyúl
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Paul A
O'Keefe
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Jose Javier
Olivas Osuna
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Evgeny N
Osin
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Joonha
Park
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Gennaro
Pica
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Antonio
Pierro
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Jonas
Rees
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Elena
Resta
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Marika
Rullo
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Michelle K
Ryan
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Adil
Samekin
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Pekka
Santtila
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Edyta
Sasin
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Birga M
Schumpe
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Heyla A
Selim
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Michael Vicente
Stanton
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Samiah
Sultana
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Robbie M
Sutton
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Eleftheria
Tseliou
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Akira
Utsugi
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Jolien Anne
van Breen
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Caspar J
Van Lissa
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Kees
Van Veen
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Alexandra
Vázquez
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Robin
Wollast
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Victoria
Wai-Lan Yeung
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Somayeh
Zand
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Iris Lav
Žeželj
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Bang
Zheng
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Andreas
Zick
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Claudia
Zúñiga
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N Pontus
Leander
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(2021)
Politicization of COVID-19 health-protective behaviors in the United States: Longitudinal and cross-national evidence.
PloS one, 16 (10).
e0256740-.
ISSN 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256740
During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. conservative politicians and the media downplayed the risk of both contracting COVID-19 and the effectiveness of recommended health behaviors. Health behavior theories suggest perceived vulnerability to a health threat and perceived effectiveness of recommended health-protective behaviors determine motivation to follow recommendations. Accordingly, we predicted that-as a result of politicization of the pandemic-politically conservative Americans would be less likely to enact recommended health-protective behaviors. In two longitudinal studies of U.S. residents, political conservatism was inversely associated with perceived health risk and adoption of health-protective behaviors over time. The effects of political orientation on health-protective behaviors were mediated by perceived risk of infection, perceived severity of infection, and perceived effectiveness of the health-protective behaviors. In a global cross-national analysis, effects were stronger in the U.S. (N = 10,923) than in an international sample (total N = 51,986), highlighting the increased and overt politicization of health behaviors in the U.S.
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