Hema-Ouangraoua, Soumeya; Zongo, Issaka; Kabore, Nongodo Firmin; Frédéric, Nikiema; Yerbanga, Rakiswende Serge; Tinto, Halidou; Compaore, Yves Daniel; Kuepfer, Irene; Chandramohan, Daniel; Greenwood, Brian; +1 more... Ouedraogo, Jean Bosco; (2020) Serotype Profile of Nasopharyngeal Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae Obtained from Children in Burkina Faso before and after Mass Administration of Azithromycin. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 103 (2). pp. 679-683. ISSN 0002-9637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0944
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Abstract
Mass drug administration (MDA) with azithromycin (AZ) has been used successfully to control trachoma. However, several studies have shown that MDA with AZ has led to the emergence of resistance to AZ in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The emergence of resistance to AZ has also been observed when this antibiotic was combined with the antimalarials used for seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). The development of antibiotic resistance, including resistance to AZ, is sometimes associated with the emergence of a bacterial clone that belongs to a specific serotype. We hypothesize that the increase in resistance of S. pneumoniae observed after 3 years of SMC with AZ might be associated with a change in the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes. Therefore, 698 randomly selected isolates from among the 1,468 isolates of S. pneumoniae obtained during carriage studies undertaken during an SMC plus AZ trial were serotyped. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) multiplex assay using an algorithm adapted to the detection of the pneumococcal serotypes most prevalent in African countries was used for initial serotyping, and the Quellung technique was used to complement the PCR technique when necessary. Fifty-six serotypes were detected among the 698 isolates of S. pneumoniae. A swift appearance and disappearance of many serotypes was observed, but some serotypes including 6A, 19F, 19A, 23F, and 35B were persistent. The distribution of serotypes between isolates obtained from children who had received AZ or placebo was similar. An increase in AZ resistance was seen in several serotypes following exposure to AZ. Mass drug administration with AZ led to the emergence of resistance in pneumococci of several different serotypes and did not appear to be linked to the emergence of a single serotype.
Item Type | Article |
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Faculty and Department | Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases > Dept of Disease Control |
Research Centre |
Antimicrobial Resistance Centre (AMR) Centre for Maternal, Reproductive and Child Health (MARCH) Malaria Centre |
PubMed ID | 32524945 |
Elements ID | 148368 |
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Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0
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