Transmission of HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa and effect of elimination of unsafe injections.
George P
Schmid
;
Anne
Buvé
;
Peter
Mugyenyi
;
Geoff P
Garnett
;
Richard J
Hayes
;
Brian G
Williams
;
Jesus Garcia
Calleja
;
Kevin M
De Cock
;
James A
Whitworth
;
Saidi H
Kapiga
;
+5 more...
Peter D
Ghys
;
Catherine
Hankins
;
Basia
Zaba
;
Robert
Heimer
;
J Ties
Boerma
;
(2004)
Transmission of HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa and effect of elimination of unsafe injections.
Lancet, 363 (9407).
pp. 482-488.
ISSN 0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15497-4
During the past year, a group has argued that unsafe injections are a major if not the main mode of HIV-1 transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. We review the main arguments used to question the epidemiological interpretations on the lead role of unsafe sex in HIV-1 transmission, and conclude there is no compelling evidence that unsafe injections are a predominant mode of HIV-1 transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. Conversely, though there is a clear need to eliminate all unsafe injections, epidemiological evidence indicates that sexual transmission continues to be by far the major mode of spread of HIV-1 in the region. Increased efforts are needed to reduce sexual transmission of HIV-1.
Item Type | Article |
---|---|
Keywords | Human-immunodeficiency-virus, health-care settings, south-west, uganda, mother-to-child, male circumcision, rural-population, sexual-behavior, cote-divoire, drug-users, prevalence, Adolescent, Adult, Africa South of the Sahara, epidemiology, Age Distribution, Child, Child, Preschool, Comparative Study, Equipment Contamination, prevention & control, statistics & numerical data, Female, HIV Infections, prevention & control, transmission, HIV-1, isolation & purification, Human, Injections, adverse effects, standards, Injections, Intramuscular, adverse effects, standards, Male, Middle Aged, Needles, standards, virology, Prevalence, Sex Distribution, South Africa, epidemiology |
ISI | 188999500025 |
Date Deposited | 17 Oct 2011 20:56 |
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1729-9892
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0234-8065
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-4060