Wakeham, Katie; Webb, Emily L; Sebina, Ismail; Nalwoga, Angela; Muhangi, Lawrence; Miley, Wendell; Johnston, W Thomas; Ndibazza, Juliet; Whitby, Denise; Newton, Robert; +1 more... Elliott, Alison M; (2013) Risk factors for seropositivity to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus among children in Uganda. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 63 (2). pp. 228-233. ISSN 1525-4135 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e31828a7056
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Determinants of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) seropositivity among children living in sub-Saharan African populations where infection is endemic are not well understood. Local environmental factors, including other infectious agents, may be key. METHODS: Within the context of a well-characterized birth cohort, we examined associations between various factors and antibodies against KSHV, measured in stored plasma samples from 1823 mother-child pairs in Entebbe, Uganda. RESULTS: Seroprevalence increased with increasing age of the child (P = 0.0003) and was higher among those with KSHV seropositive mothers than in those without (12% vs 9%; odds ratio: 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 2.0). It was also higher among children with HIV infection (29% vs 10%; odds ratio: 3.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 8.3) or malaria parasitemia (30% vs 10%; odds ratio: 4.1, 95% confidence interval: 2.4 to 7.0) than in children without. These associations were not explained by socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: The finding that KSHV serostatus is associated with malaria parasitemia in children is novel. In a country endemic for KSHV, malaria may be a cofactor for KSHV infection or reactivation among children.
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