The inclusion of people with disabilities in COVID-19 preventive measures: Qualitative research from vietnam

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unique challenges for people with disabilities, highlighting significant structural disparities in access to essential health information and services. In Vietnam, these challenges are pronounced, necessitating an investigation into the experiences of people with disabilities during the pandemic. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the experiences of people with disabilities in three major cities in Vietnam in accessing COVID-19 information and adhering to preventive measures. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 adults with disabilities from Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City. Participants were purposively selected from government registers based on age, gender, residence location, and disability type. Data were analysed thematically. Results: Respondents revealed significant barriers to accessing information on COVID-19 prevention. Key issues included the use of technical language, combined with low literacy among respondents, poor access to assistive and information-communication technology, and lack of accessible information formats or unsuitable adaptations. Difficulties in implementing preventive measures and heightened anxiety were common among participants, leading some to be unable to adequately protect themselves, while others undertook additional, unconventional measures. Conclusions: This research emphasizes the urgency of redefining disability inclusion in public health responses, particularly during crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. Tailored guidance and resources are essential to address the unique challenges faced by people with disabilities to ensure equitable health outcomes.