The ZAMBART Project in partnership with Kara Counselling and Training Trust (KCTT) collaborated with the International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) to carry out community based research in Zambia over a period of two years (November 2001 to November 2003) in urban and rural sites, and used qualitative methods to investigate stigma associated with HIV and AIDS - its causes, forms and consequences and the social, economic and cultural factors that underlie it. This report describes the study design and methods (including ethical considerations and study populations), followed by the findings, under the headings: Stage of HIV and AIDS epidemic in Zambia, Talking about stigma in Zambian communities, Intersections between poverty and stigma, Root causes of HIV and AIDS related stigma in Zambia, Experiences of stigma, Stigma associated with opportunistic infections, The old stigmas, The new stigma - association with HIV and AIDS, Witchcraft and stigma, and Building on existing care and support. Next steps are also discussed.