Stable cycling in quasi-linkage equilibrium: Fluctuating dynamics under gene conversion and selection.
Russell, Timothy W;
Russell, Matthew J;
Úbeda, Francisco;
Jansen, Vincent AA;
(2019)
Stable cycling in quasi-linkage equilibrium: Fluctuating dynamics under gene conversion and selection.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY, 477.
pp. 84-95.
ISSN 0022-5193
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.06.010
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Genetic systems with multiple loci can have complex dynamics. For example, mean fitness need not always increase and stable cycling is possible. Here, we study the dynamics of a genetic system inspired by the molecular biology of recognition-dependent double strand breaks and repair as it happens in recombination hotspots. The model shows slow-fast dynamics in which the system converges to the quasi-linkage equilibrium (QLE) manifold. On this manifold, sustained cycling is possible as the dynamics approach a heteroclinic cycle, in which allele frequencies alternate between near extinction and near fixation. We find a closed-form approximation for the QLE manifold and use it to simplify the model. For the simplified model, we can analytically calculate the stability of the heteroclinic cycle. In the discrete-time model the cycle is always stable; in a continuous-time approximation, the cycle is always unstable. This demonstrates that complex dynamics are possible under quasi-linkage equilibrium.