Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, plays a critical role in adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. It has been implicated that PPAR-gamma functions as a regulator of cellular proliferation and inflammatory responses. In the present study, we examined whether troglitazone, a selective PPAR-gamma agonists, ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by administration of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide 35-55 in C57BL/6 mice. We found that troglitazone attenuated the inflammation and decreased the clinical symptoms. It was suggested that the amelioration was attributed to the attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions.