Prevalence of Trachoma in Four Local Government Areas of Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Mpyet, Caleb;
Muhammad, Nasiru;
Adamu, Mohammed Dantani;
Umar, Murtala Muhammad;
Tafida, Abubakar;
Ogoshi, Chris;
Maidaura, Aminu;
Isiyaku, Sunday;
William, Adamani;
Willis, Rebecca;
+4 more...Bakhtiari, Ana;
Olobio, Nicholas;
Solomon, Anthony W;
For The Global Trachoma Mapping Project;
(2018)
Prevalence of Trachoma in Four Local Government Areas of Jigawa State, Nigeria.
OPHTHALMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY, 25 (sup1).
pp. 86-92.
ISSN 0928-6586
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2018.1467468
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PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of trachoma and water and sanitation coverage in four local government areas (LGAs) of Jigawa State, Nigeria: Birnin Kudu, Buji, Dutse and Kiyawa. METHODOLOGY: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in each LGA using Global Trachoma Mapping Project (GTMP) protocols. From each LGA, 25 villages were selected using probability-proportional-to-population size sampling; in each village, 25 households were selected using the random walk technique. All residents aged ≥1 year in selected households were examined by GTMP-certified graders for trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF) and trichiasis, defined according to the WHO simplified trachoma grading scheme definitions. Water, sanitation and hygiene data were also collected through questioning and direct observation. RESULTS: In 2458 households of four LGAs, 10,669 residents were enumerated. A total of 9779 people (92% of residents) were examined, with slightly more females examined (5012; 51%) than men. In children aged 1-9 years, the age-adjusted prevalence of TF ranged from 5.1% (95% CI 2.5-9.0%) in Birnin Kudu to 12.8% (95% CI 7.6-19.4%) in Kiyawa, while the age- and gender-adjusted trichiasis prevalence in persons aged ≥15 years ranged from 1.9% (95% CI 1.4-2.5%) in Birnin Kudu to 3.1% (95% CI 2.2-4.0) in Dutse. Access to improved water sources was above 80% in all LGAs surveyed but access to improved sanitation facilities was low, ranging from 23% in Buji to 50% in Kiyawa. CONCLUSION: Trachoma is a public health problem in all four LGAs surveyed. The full SAFE strategy needs to be implemented to achieve trachoma elimination.